Phb1

Models

All models for this gene with cis-heritability P-value <0.01 were tested and are shown here. In each tissue, a gene can have zero, one, or multiple RNA phenotypes for each RNA modality. After the heritability statistics, subsequent columns show cross-validation performance (R2 and P-value) of each modeling method. The best-performing method for each models is used for TWAS.

# Tissue Modality RNA phenotype h2 h2 SE h2 P xQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 LASSO R2 xQTL P BLUP P ENET P LASSO P
1 Adipose gene expression Phb1 0.04 0.03 7.0e-05 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.01 4.9e-04 1.1e-03 7.8e-04 1.4e-02
2 PL gene expression Phb1 0.03 0.02 2.8e-03 0.01 0.01 0.01 0 1.1e-02 1.4e-02 3.1e-02 7.8e-02
3 Liver gene expression Phb1 0.01 0.01 8.9e-03 0 0.01 0 0 1.5e-01 2.0e-02 8.2e-02 1.4e-01
4 Brain gene expression Phb1 0.07 0.05 2.1e-06 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.07 2.6e-07 1.0e-06 2.7e-06 7.5e-07

Trait associations

The numbered columns correspond to the numbered models in the table above. They contain the TWAS Z-score for each trait-model pair. Colors indicate strength of Z-scores: cells with lower negative Z-scores are darker blue, cells with higher positive Z-scores are darker red. Significant associations have white and bolded text.

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4
Bone: apparent density0.81.32.51.61.1-1.00.8
Area under the delay curve0.00.00.2-0.1-0.1-0.00.4
BMI with tail12.640.966.78.27.1-5.93.5
BMI without tail0.51.12.91.71.0-0.60.0
Body weight0.83.35.22.31.6-1.71.6
Weight adjusted by age0.10.10.2-0.5-0.40.30.3
Bone surface0.30.50.90.80.4-0.61.0
Bone volume0.91.52.11.40.8-1.21.5
Breakpoint value in progressive ratio session2.52.84.3-2.1-1.51.6-1.4
Number of licking bursts1.21.41.9-0.8-1.11.3-1.4
Context. condit. distance diff. score0.70.81.11.10.9-1.00.5
Locomotion velocity, session 10.20.20.5-0.1-0.20.4-0.7
Locomotion distance, session 14.15.26.0-2.5-2.42.4-1.9
Locomotion velocity, session 20.70.81.6-1.3-1.00.70.0
Locomotion distance, session 25.98.29.1-3.0-2.82.9-2.7
Locomotion velocity, session 31.01.12.00.51.0-1.11.4
Locomotion distance, session 30.91.01.6-1.2-0.91.0-0.8
Stereotopy head waving bouts, day 33.94.65.42.12.3-2.31.8
Stereotopy head waving duration, day 33.13.74.31.91.9-2.11.9
Locomotion velocity, session 70.60.71.2-0.9-1.10.8-0.4
Locomotion distance, session 75.16.48.6-2.5-2.92.6-2.0
Stereotopy head waving bouts, day 70.30.40.60.50.8-0.70.4
Stereotopy head waving duration, day 70.30.40.60.30.8-0.80.6
Locomotion velocity, session 80.50.61.20.31.1-1.00.5
Locomotion distance, session 80.71.01.4-1.0-0.81.0-1.2
Degree of sensitization distance0.20.20.4-0.2-0.70.4-0.2
Degree of sensitization stereotypy0.40.40.7-0.6-0.40.6-0.9
Conditioned locomotion1.41.72.41.51.3-1.31.0
Cocaine response after cond. corrected4.24.86.52.52.6-2.11.2
Cocaine response after cond. not corrected2.52.84.11.92.0-1.60.9
Cocaine response before conditioning2.02.43.3-1.8-1.61.6-1.0
Saline control response0.40.61.70.7-0.00.4-1.3
Bone: connectivity density0.10.20.40.60.4-0.30.4
Bone: cortical apparent density3.64.86.8-2.6-2.62.0-1.3
Bone: cortical area0.40.60.91.00.6-0.80.8
Bone: cortical porosity0.40.40.60.80.7-0.50.6
Bone: cortical porosity0.20.20.50.70.5-0.40.4
Bone: cortical thickness0.30.50.70.60.5-0.80.8
Bone: cortical thickness0.20.30.7-0.9-0.50.4-0.1
Bone: cortical tissue density4.15.37.5-2.7-2.72.1-1.4
Condit. Reinf. active minus inactive responses0.91.01.4-0.9-1.11.2-0.8
Condit. Reinf. active-inactive response ratio0.00.10.10.40.2-0.0-0.1
Condit. Reinf. active responses1.11.31.8-1.0-1.21.3-1.0
Condit. Reinf. inactive responses1.31.51.7-1.2-1.21.3-1.3
Incentive salience index mean1.92.33.0-1.4-1.51.7-1.5
Condit. Reinf. lever presses2.93.94.7-1.8-1.82.1-2.2
Condit. Reinf. active minus inactive responses0.50.61.4-0.1-0.70.8-1.2
Condit. Reinf. active-inactive response ratio1.21.33.0-0.2-0.71.2-1.7
Condit. Reinf. active responses0.20.30.4-0.1-0.60.5-0.6
Condit. Reinf. inactive responses0.10.10.30.10.1-0.40.5
Condit. Reinf. lever presses0.20.30.6-0.8-0.70.40.0
Condit. Reinf. lever reinforcers received0.20.30.4-0.1-0.70.6-0.6
Conditioned reinforcement - actives0.40.40.70.0-0.70.7-0.9
Conditioned reinforcement - inactives0.20.20.30.3-0.50.4-0.4
Conditioned locomotion0.20.20.40.60.20.1-0.7
Patch foraging indifference point 0 sec1.32.02.41.11.6-1.51.5
Patch foraging indifference point AUC0.00.00.0-0.1-0.20.0-0.1
Delay disc. indifference point, 0s delay0.10.10.10.4-0.1-0.10.4
Delay disc. indifference point, 16s delay1.21.21.51.01.1-1.21.1
Delay disc. indifference point, 2s delay0.10.10.2-0.2-0.50.20.3
Delay disc. indifference point, 24s delay0.70.70.9-0.9-0.90.9-0.5
Delay disc. indifference point, 4s delay0.60.71.1-1.0-1.00.60.4
Delay disc. indifference point, 8s delay0.10.10.1-0.3-0.30.20.2
Indifference point function ln k0.00.10.2-0.4-0.10.2-0.1
Indifference point function log k0.00.10.2-0.4-0.10.2-0.1
Patch foraging total patch changes 0 sec1.52.42.71.31.6-1.61.6
Patch foraging total patch changes 12 sec0.00.10.20.5-0.1-0.1-0.0
Patch foraging total patch changes 18 sec2.43.13.51.71.9-1.81.6
Patch foraging total patch changes 24 sec0.91.11.41.01.2-1.10.8
Patch foraging total patch changes 6 sec0.91.41.51.21.2-1.21.0
Patch foraging time to switch 0 sec0.10.20.3-0.3-0.40.5-0.5
Patch foraging water rate 0 sec1.72.83.11.81.7-1.71.5
Patch foraging water rate 12 sec0.71.11.50.81.2-1.11.0
Patch foraging water rate 18 sec0.00.00.10.2-0.0-0.0-0.1
Patch foraging water rate 24 sec1.21.72.21.51.4-1.31.0
Patch foraging water rate 6 sec0.10.10.40.10.4-0.0-0.6
Seeking ratio, delayed vs. immediate footshock1.71.92.31.51.3-1.31.5
Distance traveled before self-admin4.04.37.6-1.4-1.72.1-2.8
Distance traveled after self-admin0.20.20.30.50.60.1-0.5
Extensor digitorum longus weight0.93.54.11.71.8-1.92.0
Bone: elastic displacement0.00.00.10.30.00.0-0.2
Bone: elastic work0.00.00.10.3-0.20.0-0.1
Bone: endosteal estimation0.00.00.00.2-0.10.10.1
Bone: endosteal perimeter0.10.20.30.50.4-0.30.3
Epididymis fat weight0.10.31.21.10.2-0.1-0.1
Delta time in closed arm before/after self-admin0.30.31.00.30.1-0.41.0
Delta time in open arm before/after self-admin0.00.00.1-0.30.1-0.00.1
Diff in mean of infusions in LGA sessions1.82.02.5-1.3-1.41.6-1.4
Delay discount exponential model param0.10.10.10.30.3-0.1-0.3
Extinction: sum of active levers before priming0.80.81.4-0.8-1.20.9-0.4
Active lever presses in extinction session 60.10.10.4-0.00.6-0.20.1
Bone: final force0.10.20.60.80.1-0.1-0.0
Bone: final moment0.10.20.70.90.3-0.3-0.0
Food consumed during 24 hour testing period1.72.12.5-1.6-1.51.5-1.1
Glucose1.31.93.01.21.1-1.41.7
Heart weight1.01.42.81.70.7-1.01.2
Delay discount hyperbolic model param0.10.10.10.30.4-0.2-0.4
Intermittent access intake day 1-15 change0.60.61.10.71.0-0.70.5
Intermittent access intake escalation0.30.30.60.40.8-0.50.5
Intermittent access intake escalation 20.30.30.80.60.9-0.40.2
Intermitt. access day 1 inactive lever presses0.10.20.40.2-0.20.3-0.7
Intermitt. access day 15 inactive lever presses1.92.02.51.31.3-1.51.6
Intermitt. access escalation Index0.20.20.5-0.7-0.20.5-0.3
Intermittent access day 1 total infusions0.60.71.9-0.5-1.40.9-0.3
Intermittent access day 15 total infusions0.40.50.9-0.5-0.90.8-0.5
Intermittent access terminal intake (last 3 days)0.20.20.5-0.1-0.70.5-0.4
Intermittent access total infusions0.20.30.80.0-0.90.5-0.2
Intermittent access day 1 locomotion1.81.93.2-1.2-1.81.5-0.9
Intermittent access day 15 total locomotion0.40.50.9-0.4-1.00.7-0.4
Intermittent access total locomotion0.60.71.5-0.4-1.20.9-0.7
Intermittent access standard deviation0.60.71.21.10.8-0.70.6
Left kidney weight0.10.41.30.1-0.2-0.31.2
Right kidney weight0.82.14.01.11.0-1.52.0
Cocaine induced anxiety0.30.41.20.1-0.20.4-1.1
Post-drug Anxiety2.02.23.8-0.8-1.41.5-1.9
Baseline Anxiety0.00.00.10.0-0.0-0.20.4
Tail length12.337.151.8-7.2-7.05.9-3.5
Length with tail5.319.331.8-5.6-5.43.9-1.2
Length without tail0.20.51.60.0-0.1-0.71.3
Times rat made contact with spout0.60.60.9-0.7-1.00.9-0.6
Lifetime Intake0.30.30.7-0.3-0.80.5-0.3
Liver weight, left0.61.01.4-1.1-1.21.0-0.7
Liver weight, right0.30.61.3-0.5-1.20.40.7
Locomotor activity0.20.30.60.70.5-0.0-0.8
Locomotor testing distance0.40.61.30.90.7-0.1-1.1
Locomotor testing rearing0.30.41.40.40.20.3-1.2
Locomotion in novel chamber0.40.50.8-0.1-0.70.9-0.8
Locomotion in novel chamber post-restriction0.80.92.61.60.7-0.70.4
Fecal boli incidents, locomotor time 13.03.34.81.42.2-1.91.6
Change in fecal boli incidents, locomotor task1.61.52.1-1.1-1.41.5-0.8
Time >=10cm from walls, locomotor time 10.50.51.3-0.0-0.20.8-1.2
Bouts of movement, locomotor time 10.50.50.80.60.5-0.90.9
Total resting periods, locomotor time 10.91.01.40.90.8-1.21.1
Rest time, locomotor task time 10.20.20.30.20.5-0.50.6
Distance moved, locomotor task time 13.13.34.2-1.5-1.81.9-2.1
Vertical activity count, locomotor time 11.01.12.2-0.5-0.91.0-1.5
Time >=10cm from walls, locomotor time 20.50.50.6-0.5-0.70.8-0.8
Bouts of movement, locomotor time 20.10.10.10.4-0.20.1-0.2
Total resting periods, locomotor time 20.10.10.20.5-0.20.1-0.4
Rest time, locomotor task time 20.20.30.8-0.9-0.10.5-0.2
Distance moved, locomotor task time 20.20.20.4-0.4-0.70.20.3
Vertical activity count, locomotor time 20.10.10.5-0.1-0.70.2-0.1
Light reinforcement 10.10.20.70.10.10.2-0.8
Light reinforcement 20.60.81.1-0.9-0.60.9-1.1
Bone: marrow area0.00.00.10.1-0.20.2-0.0
Bone: maximum diameter0.10.20.40.60.5-0.40.3
Bone: maximum force0.50.81.41.20.7-0.90.8
Bone: maximum moment0.61.11.51.20.9-1.00.9
Mean time between licks in bursts1.21.62.01.41.1-1.31.3
Mean num. licks in bursts0.30.30.90.10.2-0.51.0
Cd content in liver1.21.33.8-0.2-0.51.1-2.0
Co content in liver0.10.20.50.20.00.2-0.7
Cu content in liver10.112.214.7-3.2-3.83.7-3.2
Fe content in liver2.12.53.2-1.4-1.81.6-1.5
K content in liver0.60.61.8-0.6-1.30.60.2
Mg content in liver2.52.55.5-1.4-2.41.6-0.6
Mn content in liver3.64.15.8-2.4-2.12.0-1.5
Na content in liver0.40.51.3-0.5-1.10.60.1
Rb content in liver0.40.51.3-0.3-0.40.5-1.1
Se content in liver0.00.00.10.40.1-0.1-0.1
Sr content in liver0.50.40.8-0.9-0.80.40.4
Zn content in liver0.40.40.70.0-0.80.8-0.7
Bone: minimum diameter0.10.20.50.4-0.1-0.20.7
Time in familiar zone, hab. session 10.50.51.3-0.2-0.50.6-1.1
Time in novel zone, hab. session 13.23.14.51.21.8-1.82.1
Total zone transitions, hab. session 16.48.99.7-3.0-3.03.1-2.8
Total locomotion distance, hab. session 14.05.76.3-2.3-2.42.5-2.3
Locomotion velocity, hab. session 15.27.38.2-2.6-2.92.9-2.6
Time in familiar zone, hab. session 21.11.12.11.11.4-1.00.4
Time in novel zone, hab. session 20.20.20.5-0.4-0.70.4-0.1
Total zone transitions, hab. session 24.96.47.3-2.5-2.42.5-2.7
Total locomotion distance, hab. session 21.21.51.8-1.0-1.31.3-1.3
Locomotion velocity, hab. session 21.21.61.9-1.2-1.41.3-1.2
Novel to familiar place preference ratio0.40.40.6-0.4-0.70.8-0.5
Novelty place preference0.30.30.4-0.4-0.50.7-0.4
Time in novel zone, NPP test0.10.10.2-0.2-0.30.5-0.4
Total zone transitions, NPP test6.28.89.8-3.1-2.73.0-3.1
Total locomotion distance, NPP test2.33.13.6-1.6-1.81.8-1.9
Locomotion velocity, NPP test2.53.64.2-1.8-2.01.9-1.7
Intraocular pressure1.11.61.7-1.3-1.21.3-1.2
Delta distance traveled before/after self-admin3.33.54.41.71.9-1.82.1
Delta ambulatory time before/after self-admin3.53.84.91.91.9-1.82.2
Parametrial fat weight0.30.50.8-0.4-0.70.8-0.9
Pavlov. Cond. lever latency2.02.54.51.11.3-1.72.1
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry latency0.40.51.4-0.3-0.30.7-1.2
Pavlov. Cond. change in total contacts4.64.96.7-1.8-2.02.3-2.6
Pavlov. Cond. index score1.62.04.0-0.9-1.11.5-2.0
Pavlov. Cond. latency score1.51.93.7-0.9-1.11.4-1.9
Pavlov. Cond. lever contacts3.33.96.0-1.6-1.72.0-2.5
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry number1.01.22.30.60.9-1.21.5
Pavlov. Cond. intertrial magazine entries1.01.22.0-0.9-1.41.2-0.7
Pavlov. Cond. lever-magazine prob. diff.1.41.83.6-0.8-0.91.4-1.9
Pavlov. Cond. response bias1.41.73.5-0.8-0.91.3-1.9
Pavlov. Cond. lever latency2.02.83.5-1.2-1.61.8-1.9
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry latency0.40.50.9-1.0-0.50.10.8
Pavlov. Cond. change in total contacts0.71.01.80.50.8-1.11.3
Pavlov. Cond. index score0.81.02.10.40.8-1.11.5
Pavlov. Cond. latency score0.60.82.00.10.6-0.91.4
Pavlov. Cond. lever contacts1.31.82.31.01.3-1.51.4
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry number0.60.82.50.1-0.20.8-1.6
Pavlov. Cond. intertrial magazine entries2.02.63.6-1.3-1.41.8-1.9
Pavlov. Cond. lever-magazine prob. diff.1.01.22.40.50.9-1.21.5
Pavlov. Cond. response bias1.11.52.00.91.1-1.41.4
Time in closed arm before self-admin3.23.65.12.31.7-1.91.7
Time in closed arm after self-admin4.24.36.82.21.4-1.92.6
Time in open arm before self-admin0.50.60.8-0.7-0.70.9-0.8
Time in open arm after self-admin0.60.71.2-0.9-0.40.7-1.1
Bone: periosteal estimation0.20.30.80.90.4-0.50.5
Bone: periosteal perimeter0.81.31.81.41.2-1.01.0
Bone: post-yield work0.81.11.30.90.9-1.11.2
Progressive ratio test 1 active lever presses1.11.11.4-0.9-1.21.2-0.9
Progressive ratio test 1 breakpoint1.11.11.6-1.0-1.21.2-0.8
Progressive ratio test 1 inactive lever presses0.20.20.40.50.6-0.4-0.2
Progressive ratio test 2 active lever presses1.51.62.1-0.6-1.41.5-1.4
Progressive ratio test 2 breakpoint0.91.11.4-0.2-1.11.2-1.2
Progressive ratio test 2 inactive lever presses0.10.10.20.5-0.40.3-0.3
Incentive Sensitization - Responses0.60.61.00.4-0.80.8-1.0
Incentive Sensitization - Breakpoint0.50.50.90.5-0.60.7-0.9
Sum of active levers in priming session hrs 5-64.54.46.9-2.6-2.12.1-1.5
Progressive ratio0.20.20.60.40.10.1-0.8
Food seeking constrained by brief footshock0.10.10.3-0.10.5-0.1-0.4
Seeking ratio, punishment vs. effort0.30.30.9-0.9-0.40.40.1
Retroperitoneal fat weight0.10.40.91.00.6-0.70.2
Reaction time number correct1.72.42.61.51.6-1.51.6
Reaction time mean minus median1.82.43.4-1.8-1.91.5-0.8
Reaction time mean minus median AUC2.73.55.1-2.0-2.31.9-1.1
Reaction time num false alarms0.70.91.2-1.1-0.61.1-1.0
Reaction time num false alarms AUC0.71.01.3-1.1-0.71.1-1.0
Reaction time trials correct on left1.72.42.61.51.6-1.51.6
Reaction time trials on left1.62.32.41.51.6-1.51.5
Reaction time mean1.01.32.5-1.2-1.61.1-0.3
Reaction time mean AUC1.21.73.1-1.3-1.81.2-0.4
Median of all reaction times0.40.51.2-0.6-1.10.7-0.1
Reaction time omissions1.11.41.9-1.4-1.11.3-1.0
Reaction time false alarm rate1.72.42.7-1.7-1.31.6-1.6
Reaction time premature initiation rate0.20.30.6-0.7-0.20.5-0.6
Reaction time premature initiations0.10.10.3-0.00.5-0.20.3
Std. dev. reaction times1.52.13.2-1.7-1.81.4-0.5
Reaction time trials completed1.62.32.41.51.6-1.51.5
Reaction time trials AUC1.62.32.51.51.6-1.51.5
Run reversals in cocaine runway, females0.10.10.4-0.4-0.10.00.6
Run reversals in cocaine runway, males0.80.81.91.40.9-0.6-0.2
Latency to leave start box in cocaine runway5.25.67.42.51.8-2.32.7
Latency to leave start box in cocaine runway, F9.09.913.13.02.8-3.13.6
Latency to leave start box in cocaine runway, M0.10.10.30.3-0.50.2-0.3
Std. dev. time between licks in bursts0.70.81.10.91.1-1.00.6
Total sessions with >9 infusions0.60.71.3-1.2-0.80.6-0.6
Short access day 1 total inactive lever presses0.10.10.3-0.5-0.30.3-0.3
Short access day 10 total inactive lever presses0.30.30.80.90.4-0.30.2
Short access day 1 total infusions0.10.10.3-0.6-0.0-0.2-0.0
Short access day 10 total infusions0.20.20.50.1-0.60.10.7
Short access total infusions0.10.10.3-0.1-0.1-0.30.5
Short access day 1 locomotion0.00.00.0-0.0-0.0-0.20.1
Short access day 10 total locomotion0.70.81.2-0.8-1.11.0-0.5
Short access total locomotion0.10.10.2-0.3-0.40.10.2
One hour access (0.3 mA shock)1.11.32.1-0.6-1.21.1-1.5
Compulsive drug intake6.46.58.0-2.8-2.52.4-2.4
One hour access (shock baseline)0.70.82.21.50.7-0.60.4
Social response proportion2.02.13.0-1.7-1.31.4-1.3
Social responses0.20.31.0-0.00.30.3-1.0
Social time0.70.93.10.30.40.4-1.8
Soleus weight1.64.85.02.22.2-2.22.1
Bone: stiffness0.10.10.30.5-0.1-0.20.1
Tibialis anterior weight0.10.51.1-0.6-0.20.6-1.1
Time to tail flick, vehicle, before self-admin1.01.01.2-1.1-1.01.0-0.8
Time to tail flick, vehicle, after self-admin0.91.01.11.11.0-0.91.0
Time to tail flick, test, before self-admin1.11.11.40.81.0-1.21.1
Time to tail flick, test, after self-admin0.80.81.20.70.8-1.01.1
Delta time to tail flick, vehicle, before/after SA3.03.03.71.91.9-1.71.3
Delta time to tail flick, test, before/after SA0.50.40.6-0.8-0.60.6-0.7
Tibia length0.72.02.51.41.2-1.61.4
Ambulatory time before self-admin3.03.16.0-1.0-1.31.9-2.5
Ambulatory time after self-admin0.30.30.70.80.7-0.10.4
Bone: tissue strength1.11.11.51.20.8-1.21.0
Total heroin consumption0.40.50.7-0.8-0.50.7-0.7
Bone: trabecular number0.00.10.20.4-0.10.1-0.1
Bone: trabecular spacing0.20.30.80.10.50.1-0.9
Bone: trabecular thickness4.55.48.62.01.8-2.42.9
Bone: trabecular tissue density0.10.10.1-0.20.1-0.40.4
Water consumed over 24 hours0.00.00.0-0.2-0.20.20.1
Number of responses in last shaping day2.12.22.51.51.6-1.61.2