Gckr

Models

All models for this gene with cis-heritability P-value <0.01 were tested and are shown here. In each tissue, a gene can have zero, one, or multiple RNA phenotypes for each RNA modality. After the heritability statistics, subsequent columns show cross-validation performance (R2 and P-value) of each modeling method. The best-performing method for each models is used for TWAS.

# Tissue Modality RNA phenotype h2 h2 SE h2 P xQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 LASSO R2 xQTL P BLUP P ENET P LASSO P
1 Brain gene expression Gckr 0.04 0.04 7.7e-04 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 5.4e-03 2.9e-03 3.8e-03 7.7e-03
2 Adipose gene expression Gckr 0.14 0.13 1.0e-10 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 3.2e-10 5.2e-10 3.7e-10 4.1e-10
3 Liver gene expression Gckr 0.03 0.03 9.4e-03 0.01 0.01 0 0.01 4.1e-02 5.0e-02 1.2e-01 7.0e-02

Trait associations

The numbered columns correspond to the numbered models in the table above. They contain the TWAS Z-score for each trait-model pair. Colors indicate strength of Z-scores: cells with lower negative Z-scores are darker blue, cells with higher positive Z-scores are darker red. Significant associations have white and bolded text.

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3
Bone: apparent density5.08.68.73.02.9-2.9
Area under the delay curve0.10.10.20.50.2-0.2
BMI with tail0.31.01.1-0.9-1.01.0
BMI without tail0.51.62.0-1.4-1.21.2
Body weight2.19.39.3-3.1-3.03.0
Weight adjusted by age0.00.00.00.10.1-0.1
Bone surface2.85.25.22.32.3-2.3
Bone volume2.95.35.32.32.3-2.3
Breakpoint value in progressive ratio session0.60.81.01.00.8-0.8
Number of licking bursts0.00.00.10.30.2-0.2
Context. condit. distance diff. score0.00.00.00.00.1-0.1
Locomotion velocity, session 10.00.00.0-0.10.0-0.0
Locomotion distance, session 12.02.62.61.61.6-1.6
Locomotion velocity, session 20.20.30.3-0.5-0.60.6
Locomotion distance, session 20.00.00.00.00.1-0.1
Locomotion velocity, session 30.60.70.80.80.9-0.9
Locomotion distance, session 30.90.90.90.91.0-1.0
Stereotopy head waving bouts, day 31.92.32.31.51.5-1.5
Stereotopy head waving duration, day 30.10.10.20.30.4-0.4
Locomotion velocity, session 71.31.41.41.11.2-1.2
Locomotion distance, session 70.10.10.10.20.4-0.4
Stereotopy head waving bouts, day 70.00.00.00.10.1-0.1
Stereotopy head waving duration, day 70.20.30.30.60.5-0.5
Locomotion velocity, session 80.20.30.30.40.6-0.6
Locomotion distance, session 80.40.50.60.70.8-0.8
Degree of sensitization distance0.70.70.8-0.9-0.80.8
Degree of sensitization stereotypy0.20.30.3-0.4-0.50.5
Conditioned locomotion2.93.33.51.91.8-1.8
Cocaine response after cond. corrected0.70.91.01.00.9-0.9
Cocaine response after cond. not corrected1.72.02.31.51.4-1.4
Cocaine response before conditioning1.31.51.51.21.2-1.2
Saline control response0.60.80.90.90.9-0.9
Bone: connectivity density4.67.27.52.72.7-2.7
Bone: cortical apparent density0.50.70.80.90.8-0.8
Bone: cortical area0.81.21.21.11.1-1.1
Bone: cortical porosity1.11.21.21.01.1-1.1
Bone: cortical porosity1.41.51.61.11.3-1.3
Bone: cortical thickness0.00.00.00.10.1-0.1
Bone: cortical thickness1.72.02.01.41.4-1.4
Bone: cortical tissue density0.40.50.50.70.7-0.7
Condit. Reinf. active minus inactive responses0.70.80.9-0.8-1.01.0
Condit. Reinf. active-inactive response ratio0.91.01.1-0.8-1.01.0
Condit. Reinf. active responses0.10.20.20.50.3-0.3
Condit. Reinf. inactive responses1.82.22.31.51.5-1.5
Incentive salience index mean0.00.00.00.2-0.00.0
Condit. Reinf. lever presses0.70.91.11.00.9-0.9
Condit. Reinf. active minus inactive responses3.34.34.52.12.0-2.0
Condit. Reinf. active-inactive response ratio0.81.01.01.01.0-1.0
Condit. Reinf. active responses2.83.94.22.01.9-1.9
Condit. Reinf. inactive responses1.41.82.11.41.3-1.3
Condit. Reinf. lever presses1.92.62.81.71.6-1.6
Condit. Reinf. lever reinforcers received2.53.53.71.91.8-1.8
Conditioned reinforcement - actives0.91.61.81.01.4-1.4
Conditioned reinforcement - inactives2.73.94.02.02.0-2.0
Conditioned locomotion0.10.10.1-0.10.4-0.4
Patch foraging indifference point 0 sec0.50.91.0-0.8-1.01.0
Patch foraging indifference point AUC1.82.63.01.41.7-1.7
Delay disc. indifference point, 0s delay3.03.33.6-1.7-1.91.9
Delay disc. indifference point, 16s delay0.10.10.20.50.2-0.2
Delay disc. indifference point, 2s delay0.10.10.2-0.4-0.40.4
Delay disc. indifference point, 24s delay1.01.11.81.30.8-0.8
Delay disc. indifference point, 4s delay0.00.00.00.10.1-0.1
Delay disc. indifference point, 8s delay0.00.00.10.30.0-0.0
Indifference point function ln k0.00.00.0-0.0-0.10.1
Indifference point function log k0.00.00.0-0.0-0.10.1
Patch foraging total patch changes 0 sec0.40.80.9-0.8-0.90.9
Patch foraging total patch changes 12 sec0.91.21.3-1.1-1.01.0
Patch foraging total patch changes 18 sec0.00.10.1-0.3-0.20.2
Patch foraging total patch changes 24 sec0.71.11.4-1.2-1.01.0
Patch foraging total patch changes 6 sec0.10.10.1-0.4-0.30.3
Patch foraging time to switch 0 sec0.00.00.0-0.1-0.20.2
Patch foraging water rate 0 sec0.00.00.00.00.1-0.1
Patch foraging water rate 12 sec1.02.12.2-1.5-1.41.4
Patch foraging water rate 18 sec0.60.91.0-1.0-0.90.9
Patch foraging water rate 24 sec2.43.43.5-1.8-1.91.9
Patch foraging water rate 6 sec1.21.71.8-1.4-1.31.3
Seeking ratio, delayed vs. immediate footshock0.00.00.1-0.30.1-0.1
Distance traveled before self-admin0.00.00.0-0.0-0.10.1
Distance traveled after self-admin1.62.02.1-1.5-1.41.4
Extensor digitorum longus weight4.517.718.24.34.2-4.2
Bone: elastic displacement0.40.50.70.80.6-0.6
Bone: elastic work0.81.01.31.10.9-0.9
Bone: endosteal estimation0.71.61.71.31.3-1.3
Bone: endosteal perimeter0.30.70.70.80.8-0.8
Epididymis fat weight17.158.758.8-7.6-7.77.7
Delta time in closed arm before/after self-admin0.00.00.00.10.2-0.2
Delta time in open arm before/after self-admin0.10.10.10.30.3-0.3
Diff in mean of infusions in LGA sessions0.00.00.00.10.0-0.0
Delay discount exponential model param0.30.40.6-0.8-0.50.5
Extinction: sum of active levers before priming0.20.30.50.70.4-0.4
Active lever presses in extinction session 60.30.30.30.60.6-0.6
Bone: final force0.20.20.30.40.5-0.5
Bone: final moment0.20.30.40.50.6-0.6
Food consumed during 24 hour testing period0.20.20.20.50.5-0.5
Glucose0.20.30.4-0.6-0.60.6
Heart weight2.84.34.7-2.2-2.02.0
Delay discount hyperbolic model param0.20.20.4-0.6-0.40.4
Intermittent access intake day 1-15 change0.10.20.20.00.5-0.5
Intermittent access intake escalation0.00.00.0-0.20.2-0.2
Intermittent access intake escalation 20.10.10.1-0.10.3-0.3
Intermitt. access day 1 inactive lever presses0.31.21.31.11.1-1.1
Intermitt. access day 15 inactive lever presses3.87.98.32.62.9-2.9
Intermitt. access escalation Index0.20.20.4-0.6-0.40.4
Intermittent access day 1 total infusions2.74.34.72.22.0-2.0
Intermittent access day 15 total infusions1.42.12.31.31.5-1.5
Intermittent access terminal intake (last 3 days)2.12.83.01.61.7-1.7
Intermittent access total infusions1.61.82.01.41.3-1.3
Intermittent access day 1 locomotion1.51.92.21.51.3-1.3
Intermittent access day 15 total locomotion0.10.10.20.40.4-0.4
Intermittent access total locomotion0.10.10.20.40.3-0.3
Intermittent access standard deviation0.71.51.61.11.3-1.3
Left kidney weight0.00.00.1-0.2-0.20.2
Right kidney weight0.52.12.4-1.3-1.51.5
Cocaine induced anxiety0.30.40.50.50.7-0.7
Post-drug Anxiety1.01.01.2-1.1-1.01.0
Baseline Anxiety3.44.04.1-1.9-2.02.0
Tail length0.31.31.9-1.4-1.01.0
Length with tail1.98.18.7-2.9-2.82.8
Length without tail0.82.42.6-1.5-1.61.6
Times rat made contact with spout1.92.22.51.61.4-1.4
Lifetime Intake1.72.12.21.51.4-1.4
Liver weight, left3.96.46.4-2.5-2.52.5
Liver weight, right10.117.618.0-4.2-4.24.2
Locomotor activity0.30.50.6-0.5-0.70.7
Locomotor testing distance0.10.20.30.50.4-0.4
Locomotor testing rearing0.40.80.80.90.8-0.8
Locomotion in novel chamber0.10.20.4-0.6-0.30.3
Locomotion in novel chamber post-restriction3.25.25.4-2.2-2.32.3
Fecal boli incidents, locomotor time 10.20.30.30.50.6-0.6
Change in fecal boli incidents, locomotor task4.64.54.7-2.1-2.22.2
Time >=10cm from walls, locomotor time 10.10.20.2-0.2-0.50.5
Bouts of movement, locomotor time 12.12.42.41.51.6-1.6
Total resting periods, locomotor time 12.52.82.81.61.7-1.7
Rest time, locomotor task time 10.00.10.1-0.3-0.20.2
Distance moved, locomotor task time 10.91.41.5-1.1-1.21.2
Vertical activity count, locomotor time 10.20.60.7-0.6-0.80.8
Time >=10cm from walls, locomotor time 20.20.30.30.40.6-0.6
Bouts of movement, locomotor time 20.00.00.0-0.1-0.10.1
Total resting periods, locomotor time 20.00.10.10.20.3-0.3
Rest time, locomotor task time 21.31.71.71.31.3-1.3
Distance moved, locomotor task time 21.11.41.4-1.2-1.21.2
Vertical activity count, locomotor time 20.50.60.8-0.9-0.80.8
Light reinforcement 13.27.87.82.82.8-2.8
Light reinforcement 23.45.25.22.22.3-2.3
Bone: marrow area0.71.61.61.31.3-1.3
Bone: maximum diameter1.42.62.61.61.6-1.6
Bone: maximum force0.20.30.30.50.6-0.6
Bone: maximum moment0.30.40.50.70.7-0.7
Mean time between licks in bursts1.63.93.9-1.9-2.02.0
Mean num. licks in bursts0.10.10.10.40.4-0.4
Cd content in liver0.00.00.00.10.1-0.1
Co content in liver6.47.57.62.82.7-2.7
Cu content in liver0.10.10.10.30.3-0.3
Fe content in liver0.70.80.80.90.9-0.9
K content in liver0.60.60.70.70.8-0.8
Mg content in liver0.60.60.70.80.8-0.8
Mn content in liver0.10.10.10.30.3-0.3
Na content in liver0.60.60.70.70.8-0.8
Rb content in liver0.00.00.00.10.1-0.1
Se content in liver0.10.10.2-0.4-0.30.3
Sr content in liver0.10.10.1-0.3-0.40.4
Zn content in liver0.70.80.9-0.9-0.90.9
Bone: minimum diameter0.00.00.0-0.1-0.10.1
Time in familiar zone, hab. session 10.60.50.6-0.8-0.70.7
Time in novel zone, hab. session 10.80.80.9-0.8-0.90.9
Total zone transitions, hab. session 10.10.20.20.40.4-0.4
Total locomotion distance, hab. session 10.20.30.30.50.5-0.5
Locomotion velocity, hab. session 11.21.71.71.31.3-1.3
Time in familiar zone, hab. session 20.00.00.00.10.2-0.2
Time in novel zone, hab. session 20.70.70.8-0.7-0.90.9
Total zone transitions, hab. session 20.10.10.20.40.3-0.3
Total locomotion distance, hab. session 20.20.30.30.60.6-0.6
Locomotion velocity, hab. session 20.50.60.60.80.8-0.8
Novel to familiar place preference ratio1.01.11.1-1.0-1.11.1
Novelty place preference1.71.81.9-1.3-1.41.4
Time in novel zone, NPP test2.02.12.2-1.4-1.51.5
Total zone transitions, NPP test1.62.32.31.51.5-1.5
Total locomotion distance, NPP test2.12.82.81.71.7-1.7
Locomotion velocity, NPP test3.44.84.92.22.2-2.2
Intraocular pressure6.18.79.3-2.8-3.03.0
Delta distance traveled before/after self-admin1.41.51.9-1.4-1.11.1
Delta ambulatory time before/after self-admin0.10.10.2-0.4-0.20.2
Parametrial fat weight10.324.326.0-5.1-4.84.8
Pavlov. Cond. lever latency1.92.42.4-1.5-1.51.5
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry latency0.10.10.10.30.3-0.3
Pavlov. Cond. change in total contacts0.00.00.00.20.2-0.2
Pavlov. Cond. index score0.81.01.01.01.0-1.0
Pavlov. Cond. latency score0.81.01.01.01.0-1.0
Pavlov. Cond. lever contacts1.31.51.51.21.2-1.2
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry number0.50.60.6-0.8-0.80.8
Pavlov. Cond. intertrial magazine entries1.11.31.51.21.1-1.1
Pavlov. Cond. lever-magazine prob. diff.1.51.81.91.41.3-1.3
Pavlov. Cond. response bias1.41.71.81.31.3-1.3
Pavlov. Cond. lever latency1.42.02.0-1.4-1.41.4
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry latency0.30.40.40.50.6-0.6
Pavlov. Cond. change in total contacts0.61.01.11.01.0-1.0
Pavlov. Cond. index score1.21.61.61.21.3-1.3
Pavlov. Cond. latency score1.21.61.71.21.3-1.3
Pavlov. Cond. lever contacts1.01.41.41.21.2-1.2
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry number0.20.30.3-0.4-0.50.5
Pavlov. Cond. intertrial magazine entries3.55.35.4-2.3-2.32.3
Pavlov. Cond. lever-magazine prob. diff.0.81.11.11.01.1-1.1
Pavlov. Cond. response bias1.72.32.31.51.5-1.5
Time in closed arm before self-admin0.91.21.2-1.1-1.11.1
Time in closed arm after self-admin1.51.61.6-1.3-1.31.3
Time in open arm before self-admin0.10.10.10.40.1-0.1
Time in open arm after self-admin1.51.71.81.31.3-1.3
Bone: periosteal estimation1.22.52.51.61.6-1.6
Bone: periosteal perimeter0.61.01.01.01.0-1.0
Bone: post-yield work0.91.31.41.11.2-1.2
Progressive ratio test 1 active lever presses0.81.01.31.20.9-0.9
Progressive ratio test 1 breakpoint0.81.01.41.20.9-0.9
Progressive ratio test 1 inactive lever presses2.43.53.61.81.9-1.9
Progressive ratio test 2 active lever presses0.10.10.10.30.3-0.3
Progressive ratio test 2 breakpoint0.00.00.00.20.2-0.2
Progressive ratio test 2 inactive lever presses1.01.71.91.11.4-1.4
Incentive Sensitization - Responses0.10.20.20.20.5-0.5
Incentive Sensitization - Breakpoint0.10.10.10.00.4-0.4
Sum of active levers in priming session hrs 5-60.80.70.80.90.8-0.8
Progressive ratio0.00.00.1-0.3-0.10.1
Food seeking constrained by brief footshock3.13.74.01.82.0-2.0
Seeking ratio, punishment vs. effort0.40.50.60.80.7-0.7
Retroperitoneal fat weight22.395.096.0-9.8-9.79.7
Reaction time number correct0.51.01.01.01.0-1.0
Reaction time mean minus median0.00.00.0-0.1-0.20.2
Reaction time mean minus median AUC0.00.10.1-0.3-0.30.3
Reaction time num false alarms0.00.00.00.2-0.10.1
Reaction time num false alarms AUC0.00.00.10.3-0.00.0
Reaction time trials correct on left0.51.01.01.01.0-1.0
Reaction time trials on left0.51.01.11.01.0-1.0
Reaction time mean1.21.91.9-1.4-1.41.4
Reaction time mean AUC1.01.61.7-1.2-1.31.3
Median of all reaction times1.42.02.1-1.4-1.41.4
Reaction time omissions0.00.10.10.30.2-0.2
Reaction time false alarm rate0.10.20.2-0.2-0.50.5
Reaction time premature initiation rate0.20.30.3-0.5-0.60.6
Reaction time premature initiations0.00.00.00.1-0.00.0
Std. dev. reaction times0.30.60.6-0.8-0.80.8
Reaction time trials completed0.51.01.11.01.0-1.0
Reaction time trials AUC0.61.21.31.11.1-1.1
Run reversals in cocaine runway, females0.10.10.1-0.2-0.30.3
Run reversals in cocaine runway, males0.00.00.10.30.1-0.1
Latency to leave start box in cocaine runway0.70.81.00.71.0-1.0
Latency to leave start box in cocaine runway, F0.30.30.40.60.6-0.6
Latency to leave start box in cocaine runway, M0.20.20.30.00.5-0.5
Std. dev. time between licks in bursts0.00.00.1-0.2-0.10.1
Total sessions with >9 infusions0.40.50.50.60.7-0.7
Short access day 1 total inactive lever presses6.99.09.03.03.0-3.0
Short access day 10 total inactive lever presses1.53.74.22.01.9-1.9
Short access day 1 total infusions3.14.14.31.92.1-2.1
Short access day 10 total infusions1.51.92.21.51.3-1.3
Short access total infusions0.70.90.90.91.0-1.0
Short access day 1 locomotion2.22.72.91.61.7-1.7
Short access day 10 total locomotion0.81.51.91.41.2-1.2
Short access total locomotion0.00.00.10.20.1-0.1
One hour access (0.3 mA shock)0.91.11.10.91.1-1.1
Compulsive drug intake0.60.70.7-0.7-0.90.9
One hour access (shock baseline)1.32.02.11.31.5-1.5
Social response proportion0.30.40.5-0.7-0.60.6
Social responses0.00.10.1-0.3-0.20.2
Social time0.30.40.8-0.9-0.50.5
Soleus weight4.713.814.93.93.6-3.6
Bone: stiffness0.00.10.10.20.3-0.3
Tibialis anterior weight3.812.813.43.73.5-3.5
Time to tail flick, vehicle, before self-admin1.51.61.6-1.2-1.31.3
Time to tail flick, vehicle, after self-admin4.15.45.6-2.2-2.42.4
Time to tail flick, test, before self-admin0.00.00.10.20.1-0.1
Time to tail flick, test, after self-admin0.10.10.10.30.3-0.3
Delta time to tail flick, vehicle, before/after SA0.10.10.1-0.2-0.20.2
Delta time to tail flick, test, before/after SA1.71.71.81.31.3-1.3
Tibia length2.67.27.7-2.8-2.62.6
Ambulatory time before self-admin0.00.00.00.10.0-0.0
Ambulatory time after self-admin1.01.11.3-1.1-1.01.0
Bone: tissue strength0.90.91.0-0.9-1.01.0
Total heroin consumption2.93.43.92.01.8-1.8
Bone: trabecular number3.96.46.42.52.5-2.5
Bone: trabecular spacing3.34.44.5-2.1-2.12.1
Bone: trabecular thickness0.91.11.21.01.1-1.1
Bone: trabecular tissue density0.40.60.60.60.8-0.8
Water consumed over 24 hours0.60.70.80.90.8-0.8
Number of responses in last shaping day0.10.10.10.10.4-0.4