Gc

Models

All models for this gene with cis-heritability P-value <0.01 were tested and are shown here. In each tissue, a gene can have zero, one, or multiple RNA phenotypes for each RNA modality. After the heritability statistics, subsequent columns show cross-validation performance (R2 and P-value) of each modeling method. The best-performing method for each models is used for TWAS.

# Tissue Modality RNA phenotype h2 h2 SE h2 P xQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 LASSO R2 xQTL P BLUP P ENET P LASSO P
1 pVTA gene expression Gc 0.04 0.03 6.4e-04 0.02 0.04 0.03 0.03 1.2e-02 4.3e-04 1.6e-03 1.6e-03
2 Liver gene expression Gc 0.06 0.03 9.9e-09 0.06 0.06 0.04 0.06 9.0e-07 1.9e-07 9.1e-06 1.6e-07
3 Liver mRNA stability Gc 0.53 0.1 0.0e+00 0.44 0.43 0.46 0.46 7.1e-53 2.2e-52 9.6e-57 1.3e-56

Trait associations

The numbered columns correspond to the numbered models in the table above. They contain the TWAS Z-score for each trait-model pair. Colors indicate strength of Z-scores: cells with lower negative Z-scores are darker blue, cells with higher positive Z-scores are darker red. Significant associations have white and bolded text.

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3
Bone: apparent density1.63.04.3-2.11.81.3
Area under the delay curve1.21.84.8-0.0-0.82.2
BMI with tail2.58.818.8-4.32.51.1
BMI without tail0.63.35.9-2.42.00.3
Body weight0.10.41.2-0.1-0.21.1
Weight adjusted by age0.20.61.0-0.91.00.3
Bone surface0.40.81.6-0.91.3-0.1
Bone volume0.20.30.5-0.70.50.4
Breakpoint value in progressive ratio session0.20.30.80.00.0-0.9
Number of licking bursts0.10.20.70.00.80.0
Context. condit. distance diff. score1.41.73.10.6-1.8-1.3
Locomotion velocity, session 11.82.03.6-1.50.71.9
Locomotion distance, session 10.50.60.8-0.5-0.80.9
Locomotion velocity, session 20.91.13.1-0.4-0.41.8
Locomotion distance, session 20.50.71.6-0.1-0.81.3
Locomotion velocity, session 30.60.72.0-0.3-0.41.4
Locomotion distance, session 33.43.96.9-1.91.12.6
Stereotopy head waving bouts, day 30.10.10.20.5-0.3-0.4
Stereotopy head waving duration, day 30.70.80.90.9-0.9-0.9
Locomotion velocity, session 70.50.61.30.6-1.20.1
Locomotion distance, session 70.60.71.8-0.5-0.21.3
Stereotopy head waving bouts, day 70.50.61.1-0.61.0-0.6
Stereotopy head waving duration, day 70.20.20.4-0.50.60.0
Locomotion velocity, session 80.70.81.8-1.4-0.00.8
Locomotion distance, session 80.40.61.6-0.2-1.3-0.1
Degree of sensitization distance2.22.42.71.6-1.4-1.6
Degree of sensitization stereotypy0.20.20.4-0.30.7-0.2
Conditioned locomotion0.60.61.6-0.5-0.21.3
Cocaine response after cond. corrected0.40.61.01.0-0.8-0.2
Cocaine response after cond. not corrected0.30.50.90.6-0.4-0.9
Cocaine response before conditioning1.11.31.7-1.11.3-1.0
Saline control response0.10.20.40.1-0.60.2
Bone: connectivity density2.33.75.5-2.42.11.1
Bone: cortical apparent density1.32.03.4-1.21.11.8
Bone: cortical area0.61.03.00.0-0.2-1.7
Bone: cortical porosity0.60.61.1-0.81.10.3
Bone: cortical porosity1.01.12.3-1.01.5-0.1
Bone: cortical thickness1.22.02.3-1.51.3-1.4
Bone: cortical thickness1.21.43.70.7-0.4-1.9
Bone: cortical tissue density1.42.23.8-1.21.21.9
Condit. Reinf. active minus inactive responses0.10.10.30.20.50.1
Condit. Reinf. active-inactive response ratio0.90.91.60.01.1-1.2
Condit. Reinf. active responses0.30.31.00.00.11.0
Condit. Reinf. inactive responses0.70.92.5-0.2-0.41.6
Incentive salience index mean0.10.10.2-0.20.40.4
Condit. Reinf. lever presses0.40.60.7-0.80.60.8
Condit. Reinf. active minus inactive responses0.81.33.5-0.6-0.31.9
Condit. Reinf. active-inactive response ratio0.00.10.20.1-0.10.4
Condit. Reinf. active responses1.11.64.2-0.1-0.82.1
Condit. Reinf. inactive responses0.60.92.00.0-0.91.4
Condit. Reinf. lever presses1.72.44.21.7-2.10.4
Condit. Reinf. lever reinforcers received1.11.64.0-0.1-0.92.0
Conditioned reinforcement - actives0.10.30.40.5-0.60.5
Conditioned reinforcement - inactives0.51.42.01.4-1.3-0.8
Conditioned locomotion1.31.92.91.7-1.21.1
Patch foraging indifference point 0 sec0.20.51.1-0.5-0.11.1
Patch foraging indifference point AUC0.30.81.21.1-0.80.7
Delay disc. indifference point, 0s delay0.70.71.90.1-0.61.4
Delay disc. indifference point, 16s delay0.71.02.5-0.6-0.21.6
Delay disc. indifference point, 2s delay2.22.53.71.1-1.91.5
Delay disc. indifference point, 24s delay0.10.20.30.4-0.40.6
Delay disc. indifference point, 4s delay2.02.15.30.3-1.02.3
Delay disc. indifference point, 8s delay1.11.93.9-1.10.72.0
Indifference point function ln k0.20.71.9-0.20.2-1.4
Indifference point function log k0.20.71.9-0.20.2-1.4
Patch foraging total patch changes 0 sec0.10.20.5-0.3-0.20.7
Patch foraging total patch changes 12 sec0.60.92.5-0.1-0.31.6
Patch foraging total patch changes 18 sec0.00.10.1-0.10.30.3
Patch foraging total patch changes 24 sec0.20.60.90.2-0.91.0
Patch foraging total patch changes 6 sec0.40.61.40.3-0.71.2
Patch foraging time to switch 0 sec0.83.25.5-1.92.30.7
Patch foraging water rate 0 sec0.51.72.81.7-1.5-0.4
Patch foraging water rate 12 sec0.10.50.80.6-0.9-0.5
Patch foraging water rate 18 sec0.30.61.20.8-1.10.3
Patch foraging water rate 24 sec0.81.12.21.5-1.0-0.5
Patch foraging water rate 6 sec1.31.93.01.5-1.7-0.5
Seeking ratio, delayed vs. immediate footshock1.01.42.41.1-1.6-0.8
Distance traveled before self-admin0.10.20.30.6-0.2-0.3
Distance traveled after self-admin3.15.49.23.0-2.3-1.4
Extensor digitorum longus weight11.043.867.7-8.08.20.5
Bone: elastic displacement0.60.80.8-0.80.9-0.9
Bone: elastic work1.41.93.2-1.61.8-0.3
Bone: endosteal estimation1.94.77.02.6-2.5-1.0
Bone: endosteal perimeter0.51.32.41.5-1.0-0.7
Epididymis fat weight0.31.44.1-0.1-0.32.0
Delta time in closed arm before/after self-admin0.30.30.6-0.8-0.10.5
Delta time in open arm before/after self-admin0.40.51.50.2-0.31.2
Diff in mean of infusions in LGA sessions1.01.84.90.30.6-2.2
Delay discount exponential model param1.31.84.4-0.20.9-2.1
Extinction: sum of active levers before priming0.00.00.00.0-0.2-0.2
Active lever presses in extinction session 61.11.12.11.4-1.0-0.4
Bone: final force0.10.20.20.5-0.1-0.5
Bone: final moment0.10.20.50.7-0.2-0.3
Food consumed during 24 hour testing period0.10.20.5-0.50.00.7
Glucose0.91.52.61.6-1.3-0.2
Heart weight0.40.71.7-0.40.5-1.3
Delay discount hyperbolic model param1.51.94.6-0.21.1-2.1
Intermittent access intake day 1-15 change0.31.43.9-0.40.42.0
Intermittent access intake escalation0.31.43.6-0.50.71.9
Intermittent access intake escalation 21.01.61.91.3-1.11.4
Intermitt. access day 1 inactive lever presses0.00.40.7-0.3-0.80.6
Intermitt. access day 15 inactive lever presses0.52.53.51.6-1.2-1.9
Intermitt. access escalation Index0.72.23.4-0.41.7-1.8
Intermittent access day 1 total infusions0.30.91.31.0-1.1-0.5
Intermittent access day 15 total infusions0.40.91.51.2-1.00.3
Intermittent access terminal intake (last 3 days)1.72.94.72.2-2.00.1
Intermittent access total infusions1.31.62.71.4-1.6-0.2
Intermittent access day 1 locomotion0.20.40.80.6-0.9-0.2
Intermittent access day 15 total locomotion0.83.25.12.1-2.2-0.4
Intermittent access total locomotion1.11.31.91.4-1.40.3
Intermittent access standard deviation0.10.50.60.6-0.70.7
Left kidney weight0.00.40.60.6-0.8-0.4
Right kidney weight0.31.92.71.7-1.4-1.0
Cocaine induced anxiety0.30.71.10.11.1-1.0
Post-drug Anxiety0.20.30.6-0.20.8-0.4
Baseline Anxiety0.10.20.4-0.1-0.7-0.3
Tail length1.15.813.03.6-2.10.0
Length with tail2.410.523.04.8-2.9-0.4
Length without tail0.63.15.32.3-2.00.3
Times rat made contact with spout1.41.62.6-1.61.40.3
Lifetime Intake0.50.60.90.6-1.00.7
Liver weight, left1.22.14.20.6-1.42.1
Liver weight, right0.81.33.30.0-0.81.8
Locomotor activity1.01.52.70.7-1.71.1
Locomotor testing distance0.20.51.00.5-1.0-0.6
Locomotor testing rearing0.10.40.60.6-0.8-0.6
Locomotion in novel chamber0.10.10.20.0-0.50.4
Locomotion in novel chamber post-restriction0.20.71.40.7-0.41.2
Fecal boli incidents, locomotor time 10.00.10.10.10.20.4
Change in fecal boli incidents, locomotor task0.40.51.0-0.11.0-0.6
Time >=10cm from walls, locomotor time 10.50.61.6-0.21.30.4
Bouts of movement, locomotor time 10.91.22.70.8-0.4-1.6
Total resting periods, locomotor time 10.91.12.20.9-0.3-1.5
Rest time, locomotor task time 11.82.94.31.9-0.7-2.1
Distance moved, locomotor task time 10.61.62.8-1.30.41.7
Vertical activity count, locomotor time 10.11.02.7-0.50.11.7
Time >=10cm from walls, locomotor time 20.20.61.7-0.41.30.1
Bouts of movement, locomotor time 20.31.01.50.9-1.2-0.8
Total resting periods, locomotor time 20.20.91.20.9-1.1-0.9
Rest time, locomotor task time 21.72.94.91.7-0.9-2.2
Distance moved, locomotor task time 22.23.03.8-2.01.31.8
Vertical activity count, locomotor time 21.02.46.1-0.90.52.5
Light reinforcement 10.20.81.40.2-0.91.2
Light reinforcement 20.40.91.9-0.8-0.11.4
Bone: marrow area1.84.56.72.6-2.4-1.0
Bone: maximum diameter0.50.92.70.4-0.1-1.6
Bone: maximum force0.20.40.70.7-0.3-0.8
Bone: maximum moment0.30.60.91.0-0.5-0.8
Mean time between licks in bursts0.00.00.10.20.3-0.2
Mean num. licks in bursts0.10.20.5-0.7-0.30.3
Cd content in liver2.83.14.1-1.21.9-2.0
Co content in liver1.51.72.51.3-1.0-1.6
Cu content in liver0.70.81.51.0-1.20.1
Fe content in liver1.01.22.3-0.41.01.5
K content in liver1.61.53.8-0.5-0.71.9
Mg content in liver1.31.53.4-0.0-1.01.9
Mn content in liver0.70.81.2-1.00.51.1
Na content in liver0.70.82.4-0.2-0.01.5
Rb content in liver0.10.10.20.10.4-0.3
Se content in liver1.11.33.00.0-0.91.7
Sr content in liver3.02.67.60.30.2-2.8
Zn content in liver0.50.61.3-0.3-0.61.2
Bone: minimum diameter6.011.517.94.2-3.9-1.1
Time in familiar zone, hab. session 10.70.71.2-1.10.21.0
Time in novel zone, hab. session 10.70.82.01.4-0.5-0.4
Total zone transitions, hab. session 11.21.73.80.0-1.11.9
Total locomotion distance, hab. session 11.92.65.81.3-2.40.8
Locomotion velocity, hab. session 11.01.43.40.7-1.80.6
Time in familiar zone, hab. session 20.60.61.0-0.91.00.3
Time in novel zone, hab. session 20.80.91.31.1-1.0-0.7
Total zone transitions, hab. session 20.70.92.10.4-0.8-1.4
Total locomotion distance, hab. session 22.22.93.91.4-1.7-2.0
Locomotion velocity, hab. session 21.62.12.91.2-1.7-1.4
Novel to familiar place preference ratio0.20.30.60.2-0.40.8
Novelty place preference0.30.41.10.3-0.41.0
Time in novel zone, NPP test0.60.71.60.4-0.51.3
Total zone transitions, NPP test0.10.20.5-0.70.10.2
Total locomotion distance, NPP test0.10.20.40.1-0.7-0.3
Locomotion velocity, NPP test0.10.10.1-0.2-0.4-0.4
Intraocular pressure0.81.23.1-0.10.81.8
Delta distance traveled before/after self-admin1.71.93.31.8-1.4-0.7
Delta ambulatory time before/after self-admin0.61.01.51.2-0.8-0.8
Parametrial fat weight0.61.31.71.2-1.30.9
Pavlov. Cond. lever latency0.60.71.4-0.51.2-0.7
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry latency0.20.30.4-0.50.30.7
Pavlov. Cond. change in total contacts0.10.10.30.0-0.50.3
Pavlov. Cond. index score0.50.61.5-0.4-0.31.2
Pavlov. Cond. latency score0.30.40.9-0.3-0.41.0
Pavlov. Cond. lever contacts0.40.50.90.3-0.90.7
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry number0.10.10.10.20.1-0.4
Pavlov. Cond. intertrial magazine entries0.80.91.70.8-1.30.6
Pavlov. Cond. lever-magazine prob. diff.0.50.61.6-0.3-0.41.3
Pavlov. Cond. response bias0.50.71.7-0.0-0.51.3
Pavlov. Cond. lever latency0.20.20.6-0.00.1-0.8
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry latency0.10.20.50.7-0.1-0.3
Pavlov. Cond. change in total contacts0.00.00.10.0-0.20.3
Pavlov. Cond. index score0.10.10.30.6-0.30.1
Pavlov. Cond. latency score0.00.00.10.3-0.0-0.1
Pavlov. Cond. lever contacts0.30.40.50.6-0.70.6
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry number0.10.10.2-0.1-0.5-0.0
Pavlov. Cond. intertrial magazine entries0.10.30.9-0.0-0.30.9
Pavlov. Cond. lever-magazine prob. diff.0.10.20.40.6-0.40.2
Pavlov. Cond. response bias0.30.40.50.6-0.50.7
Time in closed arm before self-admin1.32.23.71.4-1.1-1.9
Time in closed arm after self-admin2.52.93.81.3-1.9-1.8
Time in open arm before self-admin0.40.50.8-0.60.90.4
Time in open arm after self-admin1.41.64.4-0.20.52.1
Bone: periosteal estimation1.12.62.81.7-1.6-1.6
Bone: periosteal perimeter0.40.81.60.8-0.5-1.3
Bone: post-yield work0.71.22.31.5-1.1-0.2
Progressive ratio test 1 active lever presses1.12.03.01.7-1.70.1
Progressive ratio test 1 breakpoint1.11.92.91.7-1.70.0
Progressive ratio test 1 inactive lever presses0.30.92.30.5-1.5-0.2
Progressive ratio test 2 active lever presses1.31.83.01.7-1.50.3
Progressive ratio test 2 breakpoint1.41.83.01.7-1.50.2
Progressive ratio test 2 inactive lever presses1.03.14.82.0-2.2-0.6
Incentive Sensitization - Responses0.20.51.11.0-0.7-0.1
Incentive Sensitization - Breakpoint0.30.61.21.1-0.7-0.1
Sum of active levers in priming session hrs 5-60.30.30.5-0.70.40.6
Progressive ratio0.00.10.2-0.40.4-0.2
Food seeking constrained by brief footshock0.20.30.4-0.50.7-0.3
Seeking ratio, punishment vs. effort0.10.20.30.5-0.5-0.1
Retroperitoneal fat weight0.21.01.40.9-0.91.2
Reaction time number correct0.10.40.60.8-0.6-0.3
Reaction time mean minus median0.10.71.2-0.11.01.1
Reaction time mean minus median AUC0.10.40.80.10.60.9
Reaction time num false alarms0.10.10.20.1-0.5-0.4
Reaction time num false alarms AUC0.00.10.1-0.1-0.3-0.3
Reaction time trials correct on left0.10.40.60.8-0.6-0.3
Reaction time trials on left0.10.40.60.8-0.6-0.3
Reaction time mean0.10.20.20.40.4-0.4
Reaction time mean AUC0.10.20.40.60.2-0.5
Median of all reaction times0.20.40.70.50.3-0.9
Reaction time omissions0.10.20.3-0.30.50.5
Reaction time false alarm rate0.00.10.2-0.4-0.10.1
Reaction time premature initiation rate0.50.71.20.8-1.1-0.6
Reaction time premature initiations0.51.42.31.2-1.5-0.6
Std. dev. reaction times0.10.20.40.60.40.1
Reaction time trials completed0.10.40.60.8-0.6-0.3
Reaction time trials AUC0.10.40.70.8-0.5-0.4
Run reversals in cocaine runway, females0.60.61.50.5-1.2-0.3
Run reversals in cocaine runway, males0.60.61.0-1.00.80.5
Latency to leave start box in cocaine runway2.43.34.72.1-0.9-2.2
Latency to leave start box in cocaine runway, F2.83.55.32.3-1.5-1.7
Latency to leave start box in cocaine runway, M1.01.02.50.40.4-1.6
Std. dev. time between licks in bursts0.40.82.0-0.40.31.4
Total sessions with >9 infusions0.91.12.5-0.80.41.6
Short access day 1 total inactive lever presses0.30.61.50.7-1.20.0
Short access day 10 total inactive lever presses0.21.53.20.5-1.0-1.8
Short access day 1 total infusions0.20.41.00.1-0.61.0
Short access day 10 total infusions0.50.81.60.2-0.81.3
Short access total infusions0.60.92.3-0.6-0.11.5
Short access day 1 locomotion0.50.82.20.40.11.5
Short access day 10 total locomotion0.00.20.50.1-0.7-0.2
Short access total locomotion0.20.41.1-0.1-0.11.0
One hour access (0.3 mA shock)2.53.05.42.3-1.80.7
Compulsive drug intake0.30.51.1-1.10.50.1
One hour access (shock baseline)0.92.33.21.8-1.51.2
Social response proportion0.30.40.80.2-0.90.7
Social responses0.40.60.90.2-0.81.0
Social time0.50.71.21.0-1.1-0.3
Soleus weight1.75.010.2-3.22.2-0.2
Bone: stiffness0.61.11.51.2-1.20.6
Tibialis anterior weight3.913.621.5-4.64.30.8
Time to tail flick, vehicle, before self-admin1.62.03.51.9-1.5-0.4
Time to tail flick, vehicle, after self-admin0.61.22.01.4-1.2-0.2
Time to tail flick, test, before self-admin0.70.82.20.40.0-1.5
Time to tail flick, test, after self-admin1.71.83.81.9-1.2-0.4
Delta time to tail flick, vehicle, before/after SA0.30.30.7-0.50.20.8
Delta time to tail flick, test, before/after SA0.81.01.80.9-0.71.4
Tibia length1.64.55.92.4-2.1-1.7
Ambulatory time before self-admin0.10.30.40.7-0.6-0.2
Ambulatory time after self-admin3.55.68.72.9-2.5-1.4
Bone: tissue strength0.40.40.60.8-0.60.4
Total heroin consumption1.61.93.11.8-0.3-1.6
Bone: trabecular number1.32.43.2-1.81.41.5
Bone: trabecular spacing0.20.40.60.5-0.8-0.4
Bone: trabecular thickness0.40.61.0-0.70.51.0
Bone: trabecular tissue density0.00.00.0-0.10.20.0
Water consumed over 24 hours0.00.00.1-0.10.1-0.2
Number of responses in last shaping day2.53.26.6-1.31.22.6