Gc

Models

All models for this gene with cis-heritability P-value <0.01 were tested and are shown here. In each tissue, a gene can have zero, one, or multiple RNA phenotypes for each RNA modality. After the heritability statistics, subsequent columns show cross-validation performance (R2 and P-value) of each modeling method. The best-performing method for each models is used for TWAS.

# Tissue Modality RNA phenotype h2 h2 SE h2 P xQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 LASSO R2 xQTL P BLUP P ENET P LASSO P
1 pVTA gene expression Gc 0.04 0.03 6.4e-04 0.02 0.04 0.03 0.03 1.2e-02 4.3e-04 1.5e-03 1.5e-03
2 Liver gene expression Gc 0.06 0.03 9.9e-09 0.06 0.06 0.04 0.06 9.0e-07 1.9e-07 9.1e-06 1.6e-07
3 Liver mRNA stability Gc 0.53 0.1 0.0e+00 0.44 0.43 0.46 0.46 7.1e-53 2.2e-52 9.4e-57 1.4e-56

Trait associations

The numbered columns correspond to the numbered models in the table above. They contain the TWAS Z-score for each trait-model pair. Colors indicate strength of Z-scores: cells with lower negative Z-scores are darker blue, cells with higher positive Z-scores are darker red. Significant associations have white and bolded text.

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3
Bone: apparent density1.83.04.3-2.11.8-1.3
Area under the delay curve1.61.84.8-0.0-0.8-2.2
BMI with tail2.58.818.8-4.32.5-1.1
BMI without tail1.13.35.9-2.42.0-0.3
Body weight0.10.41.2-0.1-0.2-1.1
Weight adjusted by age0.40.61.0-0.91.0-0.3
Bone surface0.50.81.6-0.91.30.1
Bone volume0.20.30.5-0.70.5-0.4
Breakpoint value in progressive ratio session0.20.30.80.00.00.9
Number of licking bursts0.10.20.70.00.8-0.0
Context. condit. distance diff. score1.41.73.20.6-1.81.3
Locomotion velocity, session 11.92.13.6-1.50.7-1.9
Locomotion distance, session 10.50.60.8-0.5-0.8-0.9
Locomotion velocity, session 21.01.13.1-0.4-0.4-1.8
Locomotion distance, session 20.50.71.6-0.1-0.7-1.3
Locomotion velocity, session 30.70.72.0-0.3-0.4-1.4
Locomotion distance, session 33.63.96.9-1.91.1-2.6
Stereotopy head waving bouts, day 30.10.10.20.5-0.30.4
Stereotopy head waving duration, day 30.70.80.90.9-0.90.9
Locomotion velocity, session 70.50.61.40.6-1.2-0.1
Locomotion distance, session 70.60.71.8-0.5-0.2-1.3
Stereotopy head waving bouts, day 70.50.61.1-0.61.00.6
Stereotopy head waving duration, day 70.20.20.4-0.50.6-0.0
Locomotion velocity, session 80.70.81.8-1.4-0.0-0.8
Locomotion distance, session 80.40.61.6-0.2-1.30.1
Degree of sensitization distance2.42.42.71.6-1.41.6
Degree of sensitization stereotypy0.20.20.4-0.30.70.2
Conditioned locomotion0.60.61.6-0.5-0.2-1.3
Cocaine response after cond. corrected0.50.61.01.0-0.80.2
Cocaine response after cond. not corrected0.40.50.90.6-0.40.9
Cocaine response before conditioning1.11.31.6-1.11.31.0
Saline control response0.10.20.40.1-0.7-0.2
Bone: connectivity density2.43.75.5-2.42.1-1.1
Bone: cortical apparent density1.52.03.4-1.21.1-1.8
Bone: cortical area0.71.03.00.0-0.21.7
Bone: cortical porosity0.60.61.1-0.81.1-0.3
Bone: cortical porosity1.01.12.3-1.01.50.1
Bone: cortical thickness1.22.02.3-1.51.31.4
Bone: cortical thickness1.21.43.70.7-0.41.9
Bone: cortical tissue density1.72.33.8-1.21.2-1.9
Condit. Reinf. active minus inactive responses0.10.10.30.20.5-0.1
Condit. Reinf. active-inactive response ratio0.90.91.60.01.11.2
Condit. Reinf. active responses0.30.31.00.00.1-1.0
Condit. Reinf. inactive responses0.70.92.5-0.2-0.4-1.6
Incentive salience index mean0.10.10.2-0.20.4-0.4
Condit. Reinf. lever presses0.40.60.7-0.80.6-0.8
Condit. Reinf. active minus inactive responses1.01.33.5-0.6-0.3-1.9
Condit. Reinf. active-inactive response ratio0.10.10.20.1-0.1-0.4
Condit. Reinf. active responses1.21.64.2-0.1-0.8-2.1
Condit. Reinf. inactive responses0.70.92.00.0-0.8-1.4
Condit. Reinf. lever presses1.82.44.21.7-2.1-0.4
Condit. Reinf. lever reinforcers received1.11.64.0-0.1-0.9-2.0
Conditioned reinforcement - actives0.20.30.40.5-0.6-0.5
Conditioned reinforcement - inactives1.01.42.01.4-1.30.8
Conditioned locomotion1.41.82.91.7-1.2-1.1
Patch foraging indifference point 0 sec0.20.51.1-0.5-0.1-1.1
Patch foraging indifference point AUC0.50.81.21.1-0.8-0.7
Delay disc. indifference point, 0s delay0.70.71.90.1-0.6-1.4
Delay disc. indifference point, 16s delay0.91.02.5-0.6-0.2-1.6
Delay disc. indifference point, 2s delay2.22.53.71.1-1.9-1.5
Delay disc. indifference point, 24s delay0.20.20.30.4-0.4-0.6
Delay disc. indifference point, 4s delay2.02.15.30.3-1.0-2.3
Delay disc. indifference point, 8s delay1.61.93.9-1.10.7-2.0
Indifference point function ln k0.40.71.9-0.20.21.4
Indifference point function log k0.40.71.9-0.20.21.4
Patch foraging total patch changes 0 sec0.10.20.5-0.3-0.2-0.7
Patch foraging total patch changes 12 sec0.70.82.5-0.1-0.2-1.6
Patch foraging total patch changes 18 sec0.10.10.1-0.10.3-0.3
Patch foraging total patch changes 24 sec0.30.60.90.2-0.9-1.0
Patch foraging total patch changes 6 sec0.40.61.40.3-0.6-1.2
Patch foraging time to switch 0 sec1.63.25.5-1.92.3-0.7
Patch foraging water rate 0 sec0.81.72.81.7-1.50.4
Patch foraging water rate 12 sec0.20.50.80.6-0.90.5
Patch foraging water rate 18 sec0.40.61.10.8-1.1-0.3
Patch foraging water rate 24 sec0.81.12.21.5-1.00.5
Patch foraging water rate 6 sec1.31.93.01.5-1.70.5
Seeking ratio, delayed vs. immediate footshock1.21.42.41.1-1.60.8
Distance traveled before self-admin0.10.20.30.6-0.20.3
Distance traveled after self-admin4.45.49.23.0-2.31.4
Extensor digitorum longus weight11.143.867.7-8.08.2-0.5
Bone: elastic displacement0.70.80.8-0.80.90.9
Bone: elastic work1.41.93.1-1.61.80.3
Bone: endosteal estimation2.24.77.02.6-2.51.0
Bone: endosteal perimeter0.61.32.41.5-1.00.7
Epididymis fat weight0.41.44.1-0.1-0.3-2.0
Delta time in closed arm before/after self-admin0.30.30.6-0.8-0.1-0.5
Delta time in open arm before/after self-admin0.50.51.50.2-0.3-1.2
Diff in mean of infusions in LGA sessions1.51.84.90.30.62.2
Delay discount exponential model param1.61.74.4-0.20.92.1
Extinction: sum of active levers before priming0.00.00.00.0-0.20.2
Active lever presses in extinction session 61.11.12.11.4-1.00.4
Bone: final force0.10.20.20.5-0.10.5
Bone: final moment0.10.20.50.7-0.20.3
Food consumed during 24 hour testing period0.20.20.5-0.50.0-0.7
Glucose0.91.52.61.6-1.30.2
Heart weight0.40.71.7-0.40.51.3
Delay discount hyperbolic model param1.71.94.6-0.21.12.1
Intermittent access intake day 1-15 change0.71.43.9-0.40.4-2.0
Intermittent access intake escalation0.71.53.6-0.50.7-1.9
Intermittent access intake escalation 21.41.61.91.3-1.1-1.4
Intermitt. access day 1 inactive lever presses0.10.40.7-0.3-0.8-0.6
Intermitt. access day 15 inactive lever presses1.22.53.51.6-1.21.9
Intermitt. access escalation Index1.52.23.4-0.41.71.8
Intermittent access day 1 total infusions0.50.91.31.0-1.10.5
Intermittent access day 15 total infusions0.60.91.51.2-1.0-0.3
Intermittent access terminal intake (last 3 days)2.22.94.72.2-2.0-0.1
Intermittent access total infusions1.31.62.61.4-1.60.2
Intermittent access day 1 locomotion0.30.40.80.6-0.90.2
Intermittent access day 15 total locomotion1.83.25.02.1-2.20.4
Intermittent access total locomotion1.11.31.91.4-1.4-0.3
Intermittent access standard deviation0.20.50.60.6-0.6-0.7
Left kidney weight0.10.40.60.6-0.80.4
Right kidney weight0.41.92.71.7-1.41.0
Cocaine induced anxiety0.50.71.10.11.11.0
Post-drug Anxiety0.20.30.6-0.20.80.4
Baseline Anxiety0.20.20.4-0.1-0.70.3
Tail length1.55.813.03.6-2.1-0.0
Length with tail2.410.523.04.8-2.90.4
Length without tail1.03.15.32.3-2.0-0.3
Times rat made contact with spout1.31.52.6-1.61.4-0.3
Lifetime Intake0.50.60.90.6-0.9-0.7
Liver weight, left1.32.14.20.6-1.3-2.1
Liver weight, right0.71.33.30.0-0.8-1.8
Locomotor activity1.01.52.70.7-1.7-1.1
Locomotor testing distance0.30.51.00.5-1.00.6
Locomotor testing rearing0.20.40.60.6-0.80.6
Locomotion in novel chamber0.10.10.20.0-0.5-0.4
Locomotion in novel chamber post-restriction0.40.71.40.7-0.4-1.2
Fecal boli incidents, locomotor time 10.00.10.10.10.2-0.4
Change in fecal boli incidents, locomotor task0.50.51.0-0.11.00.6
Time >=10cm from walls, locomotor time 10.60.61.7-0.21.3-0.4
Bouts of movement, locomotor time 11.01.22.70.8-0.41.6
Total resting periods, locomotor time 11.01.12.20.9-0.31.5
Rest time, locomotor task time 12.32.94.31.9-0.72.1
Distance moved, locomotor task time 11.01.62.8-1.30.4-1.7
Vertical activity count, locomotor time 10.41.02.7-0.50.1-1.7
Time >=10cm from walls, locomotor time 20.40.61.7-0.41.3-0.1
Bouts of movement, locomotor time 20.61.01.50.9-1.20.8
Total resting periods, locomotor time 20.50.91.10.9-1.10.9
Rest time, locomotor task time 22.32.94.91.7-0.92.2
Distance moved, locomotor task time 22.53.03.8-2.01.3-1.8
Vertical activity count, locomotor time 21.72.46.1-0.90.5-2.5
Light reinforcement 10.30.81.40.2-0.9-1.2
Light reinforcement 20.60.91.9-0.8-0.1-1.4
Bone: marrow area2.14.56.72.6-2.41.0
Bone: maximum diameter0.50.92.70.4-0.11.6
Bone: maximum force0.20.40.70.7-0.30.8
Bone: maximum moment0.30.60.91.0-0.50.8
Mean time between licks in bursts0.00.00.10.20.30.2
Mean num. licks in bursts0.10.20.5-0.7-0.3-0.3
Cd content in liver2.83.14.1-1.21.92.0
Co content in liver1.51.72.51.3-1.01.6
Cu content in liver0.70.81.51.0-1.2-0.1
Fe content in liver1.01.22.3-0.41.0-1.5
K content in liver1.61.53.8-0.5-0.7-1.9
Mg content in liver1.41.53.4-0.0-1.0-1.9
Mn content in liver0.70.81.2-1.00.5-1.1
Na content in liver0.70.82.4-0.2-0.0-1.5
Rb content in liver0.10.10.20.10.40.3
Se content in liver1.11.33.00.0-0.9-1.7
Sr content in liver3.02.67.60.30.22.8
Zn content in liver0.50.61.3-0.3-0.6-1.2
Bone: minimum diameter6.311.517.94.2-3.91.1
Time in familiar zone, hab. session 10.80.71.2-1.10.2-1.0
Time in novel zone, hab. session 10.80.82.01.4-0.50.4
Total zone transitions, hab. session 11.21.63.80.0-1.1-1.9
Total locomotion distance, hab. session 11.92.65.71.3-2.4-0.8
Locomotion velocity, hab. session 11.01.43.40.7-1.8-0.6
Time in familiar zone, hab. session 20.60.61.0-0.91.0-0.3
Time in novel zone, hab. session 20.90.91.31.1-1.00.7
Total zone transitions, hab. session 20.70.92.10.4-0.81.4
Total locomotion distance, hab. session 22.22.93.91.4-1.72.0
Locomotion velocity, hab. session 21.62.13.01.2-1.71.4
Novel to familiar place preference ratio0.20.30.60.2-0.4-0.8
Novelty place preference0.40.41.10.3-0.4-1.0
Time in novel zone, NPP test0.60.71.60.4-0.5-1.3
Total zone transitions, NPP test0.10.20.5-0.70.1-0.2
Total locomotion distance, NPP test0.10.20.40.1-0.70.3
Locomotion velocity, NPP test0.10.10.1-0.2-0.40.4
Intraocular pressure0.91.23.1-0.10.8-1.8
Delta distance traveled before/after self-admin1.81.93.31.8-1.40.7
Delta ambulatory time before/after self-admin0.81.01.51.2-0.80.8
Parametrial fat weight0.61.31.71.2-1.3-0.9
Pavlov. Cond. lever latency0.60.71.4-0.51.20.7
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry latency0.20.30.4-0.50.3-0.7
Pavlov. Cond. change in total contacts0.10.10.30.0-0.5-0.3
Pavlov. Cond. index score0.50.61.5-0.4-0.3-1.2
Pavlov. Cond. latency score0.30.40.9-0.3-0.4-1.0
Pavlov. Cond. lever contacts0.40.50.90.3-0.9-0.7
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry number0.10.10.10.20.10.4
Pavlov. Cond. intertrial magazine entries0.80.91.70.8-1.3-0.6
Pavlov. Cond. lever-magazine prob. diff.0.50.61.6-0.3-0.4-1.3
Pavlov. Cond. response bias0.50.71.7-0.0-0.5-1.3
Pavlov. Cond. lever latency0.20.20.6-0.00.10.8
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry latency0.20.20.50.7-0.10.3
Pavlov. Cond. change in total contacts0.00.00.10.0-0.2-0.3
Pavlov. Cond. index score0.10.10.30.6-0.3-0.1
Pavlov. Cond. latency score0.00.00.10.3-0.00.1
Pavlov. Cond. lever contacts0.30.40.50.6-0.7-0.6
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry number0.10.10.2-0.1-0.50.0
Pavlov. Cond. intertrial magazine entries0.20.30.9-0.0-0.3-0.9
Pavlov. Cond. lever-magazine prob. diff.0.10.20.40.6-0.4-0.2
Pavlov. Cond. response bias0.30.40.50.6-0.5-0.7
Time in closed arm before self-admin1.82.33.71.4-1.11.9
Time in closed arm after self-admin2.72.93.81.3-1.91.8
Time in open arm before self-admin0.40.50.8-0.60.9-0.4
Time in open arm after self-admin1.41.64.4-0.20.5-2.1
Bone: periosteal estimation1.32.62.81.7-1.61.6
Bone: periosteal perimeter0.50.81.60.8-0.51.3
Bone: post-yield work0.81.22.31.5-1.10.2
Progressive ratio test 1 active lever presses1.62.03.01.7-1.7-0.1
Progressive ratio test 1 breakpoint1.61.92.91.7-1.7-0.0
Progressive ratio test 1 inactive lever presses0.60.92.30.5-1.50.2
Progressive ratio test 2 active lever presses1.51.83.01.7-1.5-0.3
Progressive ratio test 2 breakpoint1.61.83.01.7-1.5-0.2
Progressive ratio test 2 inactive lever presses1.93.04.82.0-2.20.6
Incentive Sensitization - Responses0.40.51.11.0-0.70.1
Incentive Sensitization - Breakpoint0.40.61.21.1-0.70.1
Sum of active levers in priming session hrs 5-60.40.30.5-0.70.4-0.6
Progressive ratio0.10.10.2-0.40.40.2
Food seeking constrained by brief footshock0.20.30.4-0.50.70.3
Seeking ratio, punishment vs. effort0.10.20.30.5-0.50.1
Retroperitoneal fat weight0.21.01.40.9-0.9-1.2
Reaction time number correct0.20.40.60.8-0.60.3
Reaction time mean minus median0.30.71.2-0.11.0-1.1
Reaction time mean minus median AUC0.20.40.80.10.6-0.9
Reaction time num false alarms0.10.10.20.1-0.50.4
Reaction time num false alarms AUC0.00.10.1-0.1-0.30.3
Reaction time trials correct on left0.20.40.60.8-0.60.3
Reaction time trials on left0.20.40.60.8-0.60.3
Reaction time mean0.10.20.20.40.40.4
Reaction time mean AUC0.10.20.40.60.20.5
Median of all reaction times0.30.40.70.50.30.9
Reaction time omissions0.10.20.3-0.30.5-0.5
Reaction time false alarm rate0.00.10.2-0.4-0.1-0.1
Reaction time premature initiation rate0.50.71.20.8-1.10.6
Reaction time premature initiations0.81.42.31.2-1.50.6
Std. dev. reaction times0.10.20.40.60.4-0.1
Reaction time trials completed0.20.40.60.8-0.60.3
Reaction time trials AUC0.20.40.70.8-0.50.4
Run reversals in cocaine runway, females0.60.61.50.5-1.20.3
Run reversals in cocaine runway, males0.60.61.0-1.00.8-0.5
Latency to leave start box in cocaine runway2.93.34.72.1-1.02.2
Latency to leave start box in cocaine runway, F3.03.55.32.3-1.51.7
Latency to leave start box in cocaine runway, M1.01.02.50.40.41.6
Std. dev. time between licks in bursts0.60.82.0-0.40.4-1.4
Total sessions with >9 infusions0.91.12.5-0.80.4-1.6
Short access day 1 total inactive lever presses0.50.61.50.7-1.2-0.0
Short access day 10 total inactive lever presses0.61.53.20.5-1.01.8
Short access day 1 total infusions0.30.41.00.1-0.6-1.0
Short access day 10 total infusions0.60.81.60.2-0.8-1.3
Short access total infusions0.70.92.3-0.6-0.1-1.5
Short access day 1 locomotion0.60.82.20.40.1-1.5
Short access day 10 total locomotion0.10.20.50.1-0.70.2
Short access total locomotion0.30.41.1-0.1-0.1-1.0
One hour access (0.3 mA shock)2.63.05.42.3-1.8-0.7
Compulsive drug intake0.40.51.1-1.10.5-0.1
One hour access (shock baseline)1.52.33.21.8-1.5-1.2
Social response proportion0.40.40.80.2-0.9-0.7
Social responses0.40.60.90.2-0.8-1.0
Social time0.50.71.21.0-1.10.3
Soleus weight1.75.010.2-3.22.20.2
Bone: stiffness0.71.11.51.2-1.2-0.6
Tibialis anterior weight4.013.621.5-4.64.3-0.8
Time to tail flick, vehicle, before self-admin1.92.03.51.9-1.50.4
Time to tail flick, vehicle, after self-admin0.91.22.01.4-1.20.2
Time to tail flick, test, before self-admin0.80.82.20.40.01.5
Time to tail flick, test, after self-admin1.71.83.81.9-1.20.4
Delta time to tail flick, vehicle, before/after SA0.30.30.7-0.50.2-0.8
Delta time to tail flick, test, before/after SA1.01.01.80.9-0.7-1.4
Tibia length1.64.55.92.4-2.11.7
Ambulatory time before self-admin0.20.30.40.7-0.60.2
Ambulatory time after self-admin4.75.68.72.9-2.51.4
Bone: tissue strength0.40.40.60.8-0.6-0.4
Total heroin consumption1.61.93.11.8-0.31.6
Bone: trabecular number1.52.43.2-1.81.4-1.5
Bone: trabecular spacing0.30.40.60.5-0.80.4
Bone: trabecular thickness0.50.61.0-0.70.5-1.0
Bone: trabecular tissue density0.00.00.0-0.10.2-0.0
Water consumed over 24 hours0.00.00.1-0.10.10.2
Number of responses in last shaping day3.03.36.6-1.31.2-2.6