Fam221b

Models

All models for this gene with cis-heritability P-value <0.01 were tested and are shown here. In each tissue, a gene can have zero, one, or multiple RNA phenotypes for each RNA modality. After the heritability statistics, subsequent columns show cross-validation performance (R2 and P-value) of each modeling method. The best-performing method for each models is used for TWAS.

# Tissue Modality RNA phenotype h2 h2 SE h2 P xQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 LASSO R2 xQTL P BLUP P ENET P LASSO P
1 Brain gene expression Fam221b 0.04 0.02 3.7e-04 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 6.9e-03 2.8e-03 2.9e-03 3.5e-03
2 pVTA gene expression Fam221b 0.07 0.04 3.5e-06 0.09 0.05 0.08 0.07 7.6e-08 1.0e-04 5.4e-07 3.1e-06
3 NAcc gene expression Fam221b 0.03 0.02 4.3e-04 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 2.5e-02 3.3e-03 5.5e-03 8.4e-03
4 IC gene expression Fam221b 0.09 0.06 1.4e-03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 5.8e-03 1.1e-02 1.3e-02 1.1e-02

Trait associations

The numbered columns correspond to the numbered models in the table above. They contain the TWAS Z-score for each trait-model pair. Colors indicate strength of Z-scores: cells with lower negative Z-scores are darker blue, cells with higher positive Z-scores are darker red. Significant associations have white and bolded text.

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4
Bone: apparent density2.03.54.31.71.91.72.1
Area under the delay curve0.70.81.1-0.8-0.7-1.1-0.9
BMI with tail1.96.67.72.82.72.02.7
BMI without tail1.95.77.92.82.41.82.3
Body weight2.19.416.74.13.21.52.9
Weight adjusted by age0.10.20.30.50.6-0.40.3
Bone surface0.91.62.11.41.30.81.4
Bone volume1.01.82.41.31.31.11.5
Breakpoint value in progressive ratio session3.74.49.3-0.9-2.0-3.0-1.9
Number of licking bursts3.35.46.32.52.32.02.5
Context. condit. distance diff. score0.00.00.1-0.2-0.30.10.1
Locomotion velocity, session 11.41.55.30.6-0.5-2.3-0.5
Locomotion distance, session 10.30.41.30.40.0-1.1-0.3
Locomotion velocity, session 23.03.44.51.82.11.71.8
Locomotion distance, session 20.50.71.71.31.0-0.10.1
Locomotion velocity, session 30.40.41.30.1-0.4-1.2-0.4
Locomotion distance, session 31.82.03.51.91.30.21.6
Stereotopy head waving bouts, day 31.31.52.6-0.5-1.2-1.6-1.3
Stereotopy head waving duration, day 30.91.11.5-0.7-1.2-1.2-1.1
Locomotion velocity, session 70.10.10.1-0.3-0.1-0.2-0.3
Locomotion distance, session 70.10.20.30.50.5-0.10.4
Stereotopy head waving bouts, day 70.91.02.01.40.80.11.2
Stereotopy head waving duration, day 70.20.30.70.80.4-0.00.5
Locomotion velocity, session 80.70.91.6-0.4-0.7-1.2-1.3
Locomotion distance, session 80.10.20.60.2-0.2-0.7-0.4
Degree of sensitization distance1.41.42.4-1.4-1.0-0.5-1.5
Degree of sensitization stereotypy1.71.82.71.61.30.71.6
Conditioned locomotion0.20.31.00.1-0.2-1.0-0.0
Cocaine response after cond. corrected2.63.14.6-1.4-1.8-2.1-1.5
Cocaine response after cond. not corrected3.23.85.4-1.5-2.0-2.3-1.9
Cocaine response before conditioning0.20.30.40.70.50.50.2
Saline control response0.20.20.60.80.2-0.60.0
Bone: connectivity density1.52.43.11.31.61.51.7
Bone: cortical apparent density0.40.51.5-0.00.61.20.4
Bone: cortical area3.14.85.82.02.32.42.0
Bone: cortical porosity0.10.10.2-0.4-0.4-0.1-0.3
Bone: cortical porosity0.00.00.00.1-0.1-0.10.2
Bone: cortical thickness2.03.25.31.21.72.31.8
Bone: cortical thickness0.20.20.4-0.6-0.30.5-0.2
Bone: cortical tissue density0.30.41.1-0.10.51.10.2
Condit. Reinf. active minus inactive responses0.40.40.60.70.80.70.5
Condit. Reinf. active-inactive response ratio0.40.50.8-0.9-0.7-0.2-0.6
Condit. Reinf. active responses2.43.03.61.91.91.61.5
Condit. Reinf. inactive responses3.03.74.22.02.01.91.7
Incentive salience index mean3.34.05.82.42.21.41.8
Condit. Reinf. lever presses6.99.615.84.03.41.62.9
Condit. Reinf. active minus inactive responses0.91.21.41.01.21.11.1
Condit. Reinf. active-inactive response ratio0.50.60.90.50.80.90.9
Condit. Reinf. active responses2.02.83.51.81.91.31.6
Condit. Reinf. inactive responses2.32.93.71.81.91.61.5
Condit. Reinf. lever presses3.24.55.51.92.32.31.8
Condit. Reinf. lever reinforcers received2.33.14.11.92.01.51.6
Conditioned reinforcement - actives0.10.20.60.40.7-0.20.4
Conditioned reinforcement - inactives0.20.30.7-0.5-0.3-0.8-0.4
Conditioned locomotion0.20.30.40.60.5-0.50.7
Patch foraging indifference point 0 sec0.51.02.51.00.3-1.60.5
Patch foraging indifference point AUC5.88.413.03.63.31.72.6
Delay disc. indifference point, 0s delay1.71.92.2-1.2-1.4-1.4-1.5
Delay disc. indifference point, 16s delay1.61.83.5-1.0-1.1-1.9-1.1
Delay disc. indifference point, 2s delay0.20.20.40.20.40.60.5
Delay disc. indifference point, 24s delay0.10.10.2-0.5-0.3-0.2-0.4
Delay disc. indifference point, 4s delay0.10.10.1-0.3-0.3-0.4-0.3
Delay disc. indifference point, 8s delay0.00.00.10.00.40.0-0.1
Indifference point function ln k2.03.54.5-2.1-2.1-1.4-1.7
Indifference point function log k2.03.54.5-2.1-2.1-1.4-1.7
Patch foraging total patch changes 0 sec0.71.22.01.40.7-1.21.1
Patch foraging total patch changes 12 sec2.73.54.82.21.91.12.1
Patch foraging total patch changes 18 sec0.40.61.21.10.90.20.6
Patch foraging total patch changes 24 sec1.83.14.82.22.10.51.7
Patch foraging total patch changes 6 sec2.03.16.12.51.8-0.01.7
Patch foraging time to switch 0 sec1.63.25.5-2.4-1.9-0.5-1.8
Patch foraging water rate 0 sec1.53.14.82.21.80.12.1
Patch foraging water rate 12 sec0.00.10.30.1-0.2-0.5-0.0
Patch foraging water rate 18 sec1.11.73.01.01.21.11.7
Patch foraging water rate 24 sec0.60.91.30.21.11.11.0
Patch foraging water rate 6 sec0.30.40.70.80.60.30.7
Seeking ratio, delayed vs. immediate footshock4.15.06.62.42.61.62.3
Distance traveled before self-admin1.21.63.51.91.50.20.8
Distance traveled after self-admin0.91.11.60.91.21.30.7
Extensor digitorum longus weight3.915.322.94.84.22.43.8
Bone: elastic displacement2.52.95.6-2.4-1.9-0.5-1.3
Bone: elastic work0.70.91.9-1.4-0.51.30.0
Bone: endosteal estimation0.40.92.21.51.00.20.6
Bone: endosteal perimeter0.51.02.41.51.10.00.7
Epididymis fat weight0.20.81.11.00.61.00.8
Delta time in closed arm before/after self-admin1.11.02.00.61.01.40.9
Delta time in open arm before/after self-admin0.60.61.1-0.5-0.3-1.0-0.9
Diff in mean of infusions in LGA sessions0.10.20.2-0.5-0.30.5-0.3
Delay discount exponential model param0.60.61.00.70.71.00.8
Extinction: sum of active levers before priming4.24.65.8-2.2-2.1-1.9-2.4
Active lever presses in extinction session 60.20.20.2-0.4-0.5-0.5-0.2
Bone: final force0.91.51.91.31.41.30.9
Bone: final moment0.81.41.81.21.31.40.8
Food consumed during 24 hour testing period0.20.30.60.80.60.10.1
Glucose2.03.25.22.31.71.11.9
Heart weight0.40.61.01.00.80.60.5
Delay discount hyperbolic model param0.40.40.70.50.50.90.7
Intermittent access intake day 1-15 change0.71.51.81.01.21.21.3
Intermittent access intake escalation0.61.31.60.91.21.31.2
Intermittent access intake escalation 22.62.93.91.11.82.01.7
Intermitt. access day 1 inactive lever presses0.20.81.51.21.00.40.8
Intermitt. access day 15 inactive lever presses0.00.10.10.20.2-0.4-0.3
Intermitt. access escalation Index0.10.10.30.6-0.4-0.00.3
Intermittent access day 1 total infusions1.01.73.9-0.9-1.1-2.0-0.8
Intermittent access day 15 total infusions0.30.41.00.50.70.31.0
Intermittent access terminal intake (last 3 days)0.40.51.20.60.60.11.1
Intermittent access total infusions0.30.40.80.60.5-0.40.9
Intermittent access day 1 locomotion0.70.92.3-0.8-0.8-1.5-0.5
Intermittent access day 15 total locomotion0.30.51.5-0.7-0.5-1.2-0.1
Intermittent access total locomotion0.30.30.7-0.8-0.4-0.6-0.1
Intermittent access standard deviation0.30.60.90.80.90.20.9
Left kidney weight0.10.61.81.30.6-0.30.0
Right kidney weight0.20.81.31.11.10.70.4
Cocaine induced anxiety0.40.51.1-0.6-1.0-0.3-0.8
Post-drug Anxiety0.20.20.40.4-0.3-0.3-0.6
Baseline Anxiety0.40.51.00.81.00.70.3
Tail length0.93.66.22.52.21.31.3
Length with tail0.62.66.22.51.70.01.1
Length without tail0.20.51.70.3-0.2-1.3-0.4
Times rat made contact with spout0.70.81.00.80.91.01.0
Lifetime Intake0.30.40.80.40.2-0.90.6
Liver weight, left0.20.30.5-0.4-0.5-0.5-0.7
Liver weight, right0.40.81.4-1.2-0.9-0.4-0.8
Locomotor activity0.00.00.0-0.1-0.1-0.1-0.1
Locomotor testing distance0.51.01.6-0.6-1.0-1.3-1.0
Locomotor testing rearing0.10.10.40.60.2-0.10.2
Locomotion in novel chamber0.20.20.5-0.40.10.70.4
Locomotion in novel chamber post-restriction1.72.94.91.21.72.21.5
Fecal boli incidents, locomotor time 10.20.40.8-0.9-0.50.0-0.6
Change in fecal boli incidents, locomotor task0.30.30.70.90.1-0.30.5
Time >=10cm from walls, locomotor time 10.30.30.90.2-0.6-0.9-0.2
Bouts of movement, locomotor time 11.41.62.4-1.5-1.1-0.7-1.4
Total resting periods, locomotor time 11.41.52.9-1.7-1.1-0.4-1.3
Rest time, locomotor task time 10.70.81.7-1.3-0.31.2-0.4
Distance moved, locomotor task time 10.71.02.21.50.6-0.71.0
Vertical activity count, locomotor time 10.30.82.40.8-0.3-1.50.1
Time >=10cm from walls, locomotor time 20.00.00.10.20.2-0.20.1
Bouts of movement, locomotor time 20.30.40.80.80.90.30.5
Total resting periods, locomotor time 20.10.20.40.50.60.20.3
Rest time, locomotor task time 20.40.61.0-1.0-1.0-0.1-0.5
Distance moved, locomotor task time 20.60.71.10.51.01.00.7
Vertical activity count, locomotor time 20.10.10.30.50.4-0.10.2
Light reinforcement 10.71.74.80.6-0.7-2.2-1.2
Light reinforcement 21.52.36.50.1-1.3-2.5-1.1
Bone: marrow area0.51.12.41.61.20.50.7
Bone: maximum diameter2.34.34.92.22.22.01.9
Bone: maximum force2.44.25.52.22.41.91.7
Bone: maximum moment2.13.74.71.92.22.01.6
Mean time between licks in bursts0.71.63.0-1.3-1.2-0.5-1.7
Mean num. licks in bursts1.42.13.0-1.7-1.3-1.0-1.7
Cd content in liver0.20.20.60.80.50.20.3
Co content in liver1.51.72.0-1.0-1.4-1.4-1.4
Cu content in liver2.02.43.3-1.8-1.6-0.7-1.8
Fe content in liver2.73.34.8-1.4-1.8-1.8-2.2
K content in liver0.60.61.0-0.5-0.8-1.0-0.8
Mg content in liver0.40.40.6-0.7-0.7-0.6-0.3
Mn content in liver1.71.92.31.21.41.51.3
Na content in liver3.03.34.8-1.9-2.0-0.9-2.2
Rb content in liver5.36.28.1-2.8-2.6-1.9-2.5
Se content in liver1.92.32.61.61.51.61.3
Sr content in liver0.30.20.50.70.50.20.3
Zn content in liver0.00.10.20.00.00.5-0.0
Bone: minimum diameter0.10.10.3-0.00.30.60.1
Time in familiar zone, hab. session 11.21.23.3-0.10.51.81.1
Time in novel zone, hab. session 16.16.18.4-1.8-2.2-2.8-2.9
Total zone transitions, hab. session 10.00.00.0-0.00.00.1-0.2
Total locomotion distance, hab. session 10.71.02.30.61.01.50.7
Locomotion velocity, hab. session 11.82.53.41.41.71.81.4
Time in familiar zone, hab. session 20.30.30.7-0.8-0.20.9-0.0
Time in novel zone, hab. session 22.82.84.7-1.2-1.6-2.2-1.6
Total zone transitions, hab. session 20.20.20.50.70.4-0.30.1
Total locomotion distance, hab. session 20.60.71.01.01.00.70.7
Locomotion velocity, hab. session 20.91.11.51.21.20.90.9
Novel to familiar place preference ratio4.44.85.5-2.0-2.3-2.3-2.1
Novelty place preference5.35.76.4-2.3-2.5-2.4-2.3
Time in novel zone, NPP test6.87.28.0-2.6-2.8-2.6-2.7
Total zone transitions, NPP test0.20.30.60.80.5-0.5-0.1
Total locomotion distance, NPP test1.01.42.81.71.30.11.0
Locomotion velocity, NPP test1.72.44.22.01.70.61.5
Intraocular pressure1.82.54.82.21.30.51.8
Delta distance traveled before/after self-admin0.10.10.3-0.5-0.30.4-0.2
Delta ambulatory time before/after self-admin0.50.61.3-1.1-0.80.1-0.7
Parametrial fat weight0.51.22.3-0.6-0.7-1.2-1.5
Pavlov. Cond. lever latency4.86.19.4-3.1-2.7-1.5-2.4
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry latency0.40.50.80.70.90.60.3
Pavlov. Cond. change in total contacts1.92.13.21.81.70.81.3
Pavlov. Cond. index score2.32.94.02.02.01.31.4
Pavlov. Cond. latency score2.22.83.82.01.91.21.5
Pavlov. Cond. lever contacts5.06.08.62.92.71.62.4
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry number0.70.91.2-0.9-1.1-0.9-0.7
Pavlov. Cond. intertrial magazine entries0.20.20.20.50.50.40.3
Pavlov. Cond. lever-magazine prob. diff.2.63.34.32.02.11.61.5
Pavlov. Cond. response bias2.83.54.92.22.21.31.6
Pavlov. Cond. lever latency2.73.74.5-1.8-2.1-2.1-1.5
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry latency0.40.50.9-0.9-0.40.2-0.9
Pavlov. Cond. change in total contacts1.22.04.70.71.42.20.8
Pavlov. Cond. index score0.50.72.00.30.81.40.2
Pavlov. Cond. latency score0.81.12.70.51.01.60.5
Pavlov. Cond. lever contacts1.92.73.61.51.81.91.2
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry number0.50.62.1-0.0-0.6-1.5-0.2
Pavlov. Cond. intertrial magazine entries0.40.61.30.90.50.21.1
Pavlov. Cond. lever-magazine prob. diff.0.60.82.40.30.81.50.3
Pavlov. Cond. response bias1.01.42.70.81.31.70.6
Time in closed arm before self-admin0.10.10.3-0.4-0.5-0.20.3
Time in closed arm after self-admin0.20.30.8-0.3-0.00.90.4
Time in open arm before self-admin0.30.30.80.90.4-0.30.2
Time in open arm after self-admin0.50.51.11.10.8-0.50.4
Bone: periosteal estimation1.22.63.51.91.81.41.3
Bone: periosteal perimeter0.30.51.01.00.80.20.5
Bone: post-yield work0.91.32.81.71.30.20.8
Progressive ratio test 1 active lever presses0.60.82.7-0.2-0.6-1.7-0.1
Progressive ratio test 1 breakpoint0.50.62.2-0.2-0.5-1.50.0
Progressive ratio test 1 inactive lever presses0.40.61.20.90.3-1.10.3
Progressive ratio test 2 active lever presses0.91.13.6-0.5-0.6-1.9-0.4
Progressive ratio test 2 breakpoint1.01.23.8-0.6-0.6-1.9-0.4
Progressive ratio test 2 inactive lever presses0.20.40.70.60.7-0.20.8
Incentive Sensitization - Responses0.40.61.5-0.6-0.6-1.2-0.5
Incentive Sensitization - Breakpoint0.50.61.5-0.6-0.6-1.2-0.5
Sum of active levers in priming session hrs 5-64.13.85.1-1.7-2.0-2.3-1.8
Progressive ratio0.00.00.0-0.0-0.0-0.2-0.0
Food seeking constrained by brief footshock4.85.911.03.32.40.32.5
Seeking ratio, punishment vs. effort1.21.73.01.71.30.51.3
Retroperitoneal fat weight0.31.42.1-1.4-1.4-0.1-1.3
Reaction time number correct0.10.20.20.40.5-0.40.5
Reaction time mean minus median0.92.45.90.51.32.41.2
Reaction time mean minus median AUC1.02.75.01.01.62.21.4
Reaction time num false alarms0.20.20.60.10.50.80.4
Reaction time num false alarms AUC0.40.60.80.70.90.60.8
Reaction time trials correct on left0.10.20.20.40.5-0.40.5
Reaction time trials on left0.10.10.20.30.4-0.40.4
Reaction time mean0.71.12.4-1.5-0.70.9-0.7
Reaction time mean AUC0.71.12.6-1.6-0.71.0-0.8
Median of all reaction times1.82.65.2-2.3-1.6-0.1-1.6
Reaction time omissions1.72.53.4-1.8-1.6-0.9-1.7
Reaction time false alarm rate0.10.10.3-0.10.10.60.1
Reaction time premature initiation rate0.81.02.4-1.6-1.3-0.0-0.4
Reaction time premature initiations0.30.51.4-1.2-0.8-0.2-0.1
Std. dev. reaction times0.50.83.0-0.50.41.70.1
Reaction time trials completed0.10.10.20.30.4-0.40.4
Reaction time trials AUC0.10.10.10.30.4-0.40.4
Run reversals in cocaine runway, females0.30.30.70.10.00.80.7
Run reversals in cocaine runway, males0.00.00.0-0.1-0.1-0.0-0.1
Latency to leave start box in cocaine runway0.70.81.10.90.70.81.1
Latency to leave start box in cocaine runway, F0.10.10.3-0.2-0.3-0.5-0.1
Latency to leave start box in cocaine runway, M1.31.32.11.51.00.81.1
Std. dev. time between licks in bursts0.30.40.6-0.8-0.6-0.3-0.8
Total sessions with >9 infusions0.40.51.90.1-0.3-1.4-0.1
Short access day 1 total inactive lever presses0.40.50.80.90.3-0.80.8
Short access day 10 total inactive lever presses0.30.70.90.90.90.70.7
Short access day 1 total infusions0.50.62.40.2-0.4-1.5-0.1
Short access day 10 total infusions0.60.72.5-0.1-0.6-1.6-0.2
Short access total infusions0.91.13.6-0.3-0.8-1.9-0.4
Short access day 1 locomotion1.21.52.6-1.1-1.2-1.6-0.8
Short access day 10 total locomotion0.20.30.8-0.9-0.5-0.0-0.5
Short access total locomotion0.50.61.3-0.5-0.7-1.1-0.6
One hour access (0.3 mA shock)0.20.30.40.60.3-0.60.4
Compulsive drug intake0.40.51.30.50.61.20.4
One hour access (shock baseline)0.40.62.20.40.0-1.50.2
Social response proportion2.73.04.4-2.1-2.0-0.3-1.9
Social responses0.20.30.50.70.50.60.2
Social time1.01.43.0-1.0-1.1-0.5-1.7
Soleus weight1.13.36.3-0.5-1.5-2.5-2.1
Bone: stiffness2.33.85.42.22.31.91.3
Tibialis anterior weight4.615.528.15.34.02.03.7
Time to tail flick, vehicle, before self-admin0.10.10.1-0.3-0.20.20.2
Time to tail flick, vehicle, after self-admin0.10.20.30.30.40.50.5
Time to tail flick, test, before self-admin0.40.40.70.80.40.50.7
Time to tail flick, test, after self-admin4.54.65.51.92.02.42.3
Delta time to tail flick, vehicle, before/after SA0.00.00.00.20.10.2-0.1
Delta time to tail flick, test, before/after SA0.50.50.90.10.71.00.7
Tibia length0.61.73.3-0.6-0.9-1.6-1.8
Ambulatory time before self-admin0.91.42.91.71.4-0.00.7
Ambulatory time after self-admin0.10.20.40.50.60.20.1
Bone: tissue strength0.10.10.3-0.10.00.3-0.6
Total heroin consumption2.83.35.3-1.2-1.8-2.3-1.8
Bone: trabecular number1.62.62.91.51.71.61.7
Bone: trabecular spacing0.00.10.2-0.10.10.5-0.0
Bone: trabecular thickness0.00.00.1-0.20.10.30.1
Bone: trabecular tissue density1.01.52.61.61.50.90.4
Water consumed over 24 hours1.01.31.71.21.21.01.3
Number of responses in last shaping day2.52.76.8-0.5-1.6-2.6-1.2