Pkd2l2

Models

All models for this gene with cis-heritability P-value <0.01 were tested and are shown here. In each tissue, a gene can have zero, one, or multiple RNA phenotypes for each RNA modality. After the heritability statistics, subsequent columns show cross-validation performance (R2 and P-value) of each modeling method. The best-performing method for each models is used for TWAS.

# Tissue Modality RNA phenotype h2 h2 SE h2 P xQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 LASSO R2 xQTL P BLUP P ENET P LASSO P
1 NAcc gene expression Pkd2l2 0.03 0.02 1.1e-04 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 2.0e-04 2.6e-04 3.1e-04 3.8e-04
2 Liver gene expression Pkd2l2 0.03 0.02 3.9e-03 0.04 0.01 0.02 0.04 4.5e-05 1.0e-02 1.8e-03 8.8e-05
3 Adipose gene expression Pkd2l2 0.03 0.02 6.1e-04 0.04 0.02 0.03 0.04 1.8e-05 2.0e-03 2.9e-04 8.2e-05

Trait associations

The numbered columns correspond to the numbered models in the table above. They contain the TWAS Z-score for each trait-model pair. Colors indicate strength of Z-scores: cells with lower negative Z-scores are darker blue, cells with higher positive Z-scores are darker red. Significant associations have white and bolded text.

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3
Bone: apparent density0.30.41.11.00.3-0.4
Area under the delay curve4.44.74.72.12.2-2.2
BMI with tail7.725.127.5-4.5-5.25.2
BMI without tail5.411.112.6-3.1-3.63.4
Body weight7.732.436.6-4.9-6.06.0
Weight adjusted by age1.82.03.1-1.8-1.21.2
Bone surface0.71.22.81.70.6-0.6
Bone volume0.40.82.01.40.3-0.4
Breakpoint value in progressive ratio session0.00.00.1-0.2-0.1-0.0
Number of licking bursts1.21.42.71.60.8-0.9
Context. condit. distance diff. score0.00.10.20.4-0.00.1
Locomotion velocity, session 10.70.70.7-0.8-0.80.9
Locomotion distance, session 10.00.00.00.1-0.10.1
Locomotion velocity, session 20.91.01.2-1.0-1.01.1
Locomotion distance, session 20.50.70.90.90.7-0.8
Locomotion velocity, session 30.30.40.5-0.4-0.70.7
Locomotion distance, session 30.10.10.40.60.2-0.2
Stereotopy head waving bouts, day 32.12.52.91.41.7-1.6
Stereotopy head waving duration, day 30.20.20.4-0.20.6-0.5
Locomotion velocity, session 70.30.40.5-0.3-0.70.7
Locomotion distance, session 70.20.20.40.70.2-0.4
Stereotopy head waving bouts, day 70.50.61.4-1.2-0.40.5
Stereotopy head waving duration, day 70.20.20.5-0.7-0.00.2
Locomotion velocity, session 80.20.20.5-0.7-0.30.3
Locomotion distance, session 80.00.10.20.40.1-0.1
Degree of sensitization distance0.20.20.2-0.4-0.40.4
Degree of sensitization stereotypy0.30.30.8-0.9-0.10.3
Conditioned locomotion0.10.10.10.4-0.30.3
Cocaine response after cond. corrected0.70.81.1-0.6-1.01.0
Cocaine response after cond. not corrected0.00.00.10.2-0.10.0
Cocaine response before conditioning5.46.67.12.52.5-2.7
Saline control response0.91.21.51.01.2-1.0
Bone: connectivity density1.52.33.41.81.3-1.3
Bone: cortical apparent density1.31.72.30.91.5-1.4
Bone: cortical area2.94.36.22.51.8-1.9
Bone: cortical porosity0.91.01.2-1.1-0.90.9
Bone: cortical porosity0.60.70.8-0.9-0.80.8
Bone: cortical thickness2.23.64.92.21.7-1.7
Bone: cortical thickness0.40.50.91.00.4-0.6
Bone: cortical tissue density1.11.42.00.71.4-1.3
Condit. Reinf. active minus inactive responses2.12.32.81.41.7-1.5
Condit. Reinf. active-inactive response ratio1.21.31.61.01.3-1.2
Condit. Reinf. active responses1.92.43.21.81.5-1.3
Condit. Reinf. inactive responses1.11.32.51.60.9-0.9
Incentive salience index mean1.82.22.81.21.7-1.5
Condit. Reinf. lever presses1.41.82.31.11.5-1.4
Condit. Reinf. active minus inactive responses3.84.75.22.02.3-2.2
Condit. Reinf. active-inactive response ratio0.00.00.1-0.30.2-0.0
Condit. Reinf. active responses9.713.414.13.53.7-3.7
Condit. Reinf. inactive responses10.412.813.63.63.5-3.7
Condit. Reinf. lever presses2.33.13.61.91.7-1.7
Condit. Reinf. lever reinforcers received8.812.413.33.33.7-3.6
Conditioned reinforcement - actives0.10.10.2-0.4-0.0-0.2
Conditioned reinforcement - inactives0.10.10.20.40.20.1
Conditioned locomotion0.10.10.10.30.2-0.4
Patch foraging indifference point 0 sec2.74.35.21.92.0-2.3
Patch foraging indifference point AUC3.54.04.41.92.1-2.0
Delay disc. indifference point, 0s delay1.61.71.91.41.3-1.2
Delay disc. indifference point, 16s delay5.45.55.72.32.3-2.4
Delay disc. indifference point, 2s delay0.50.60.60.60.8-0.8
Delay disc. indifference point, 24s delay0.70.70.80.90.7-0.8
Delay disc. indifference point, 4s delay0.70.70.90.80.9-0.9
Delay disc. indifference point, 8s delay5.96.16.32.52.5-2.4
Indifference point function ln k8.511.813.2-3.4-3.63.3
Indifference point function log k8.511.813.2-3.4-3.63.3
Patch foraging total patch changes 0 sec2.64.24.92.02.0-2.2
Patch foraging total patch changes 12 sec11.014.215.13.93.7-3.7
Patch foraging total patch changes 18 sec4.96.37.22.72.3-2.5
Patch foraging total patch changes 24 sec3.84.65.32.32.0-2.1
Patch foraging total patch changes 6 sec4.56.77.22.72.5-2.6
Patch foraging time to switch 0 sec0.10.10.2-0.4-0.30.4
Patch foraging water rate 0 sec0.00.00.00.1-0.10.0
Patch foraging water rate 12 sec0.60.91.3-0.4-1.21.0
Patch foraging water rate 18 sec0.10.20.2-0.4-0.40.4
Patch foraging water rate 24 sec0.20.20.4-0.1-0.50.6
Patch foraging water rate 6 sec0.10.10.20.0-0.50.4
Seeking ratio, delayed vs. immediate footshock0.60.71.00.71.0-0.8
Distance traveled before self-admin0.20.20.2-0.50.4-0.3
Distance traveled after self-admin0.91.01.20.81.1-1.1
Extensor digitorum longus weight2.08.08.3-2.7-2.92.9
Bone: elastic displacement1.11.21.6-1.3-1.01.0
Bone: elastic work1.51.92.2-1.5-1.31.4
Bone: endosteal estimation0.51.12.01.40.7-0.7
Bone: endosteal perimeter0.10.10.20.50.3-0.3
Epididymis fat weight4.510.411.2-3.3-3.13.2
Delta time in closed arm before/after self-admin3.73.65.2-2.3-1.51.8
Delta time in open arm before/after self-admin0.60.61.11.00.6-0.7
Diff in mean of infusions in LGA sessions0.91.01.3-0.7-1.11.1
Delay discount exponential model param4.54.74.8-2.2-2.22.2
Extinction: sum of active levers before priming0.10.10.3-0.5-0.20.1
Active lever presses in extinction session 62.42.33.11.81.3-1.5
Bone: final force1.21.92.31.51.3-1.3
Bone: final moment0.61.01.31.20.9-0.9
Food consumed during 24 hour testing period1.51.92.7-0.8-1.61.5
Glucose8.112.312.5-3.5-3.53.4
Heart weight3.85.36.3-1.9-2.52.5
Delay discount hyperbolic model param4.04.24.3-2.1-2.02.1
Intermittent access intake day 1-15 change0.40.40.6-0.4-0.70.8
Intermittent access intake escalation0.20.20.30.0-0.50.6
Intermittent access intake escalation 20.30.30.5-0.3-0.70.6
Intermitt. access day 1 inactive lever presses0.10.10.10.20.00.4
Intermitt. access day 15 inactive lever presses0.10.20.20.4-0.40.4
Intermitt. access escalation Index1.31.11.3-1.0-1.01.1
Intermittent access day 1 total infusions0.40.40.60.50.6-0.8
Intermittent access day 15 total infusions0.20.20.50.70.3-0.3
Intermittent access terminal intake (last 3 days)0.10.10.20.50.2-0.4
Intermittent access total infusions0.00.00.00.10.1-0.2
Intermittent access day 1 locomotion0.00.00.0-0.00.1-0.2
Intermittent access day 15 total locomotion2.22.42.9-1.2-1.71.7
Intermittent access total locomotion0.91.01.1-1.0-1.10.9
Intermittent access standard deviation0.10.10.3-0.5-0.10.2
Left kidney weight0.20.71.0-0.2-1.01.0
Right kidney weight0.20.60.90.0-0.90.9
Cocaine induced anxiety0.20.20.2-0.5-0.50.4
Post-drug Anxiety0.10.10.20.50.2-0.4
Baseline Anxiety0.50.50.80.90.6-0.6
Tail length0.10.20.4-0.1-0.60.5
Length with tail0.83.13.8-1.5-1.91.8
Length without tail0.92.02.3-1.3-1.41.5
Times rat made contact with spout0.20.30.30.4-0.50.6
Lifetime Intake0.00.00.0-0.20.1-0.2
Liver weight, left0.00.00.0-0.0-0.10.0
Liver weight, right1.11.92.01.41.3-1.4
Locomotor activity0.00.00.0-0.00.2-0.2
Locomotor testing distance0.00.00.0-0.20.1-0.0
Locomotor testing rearing0.50.80.91.00.9-0.8
Locomotion in novel chamber0.00.00.10.00.2-0.1
Locomotion in novel chamber post-restriction0.10.10.2-0.0-0.50.2
Fecal boli incidents, locomotor time 10.00.10.1-0.40.0-0.1
Change in fecal boli incidents, locomotor task0.00.00.1-0.3-0.10.1
Time >=10cm from walls, locomotor time 10.30.30.7-0.4-0.30.9
Bouts of movement, locomotor time 12.02.23.41.81.5-1.1
Total resting periods, locomotor time 11.71.92.81.71.4-1.0
Rest time, locomotor task time 10.10.10.10.3-0.20.3
Distance moved, locomotor task time 10.00.00.1-0.2-0.2-0.0
Vertical activity count, locomotor time 10.60.71.0-1.0-0.80.6
Time >=10cm from walls, locomotor time 25.96.37.1-2.7-2.42.4
Bouts of movement, locomotor time 20.20.20.40.60.3-0.4
Total resting periods, locomotor time 20.00.10.10.40.1-0.1
Rest time, locomotor task time 21.11.31.5-1.2-1.21.0
Distance moved, locomotor task time 20.00.00.10.2-0.1-0.0
Vertical activity count, locomotor time 20.00.00.10.20.2-0.2
Light reinforcement 12.03.64.52.11.8-1.8
Light reinforcement 23.75.05.72.12.4-2.2
Bone: marrow area0.51.02.01.40.7-0.7
Bone: maximum diameter2.64.76.52.51.9-2.0
Bone: maximum force0.40.60.91.00.7-0.7
Bone: maximum moment0.10.20.30.60.3-0.3
Mean time between licks in bursts0.60.81.30.0-1.21.0
Mean num. licks in bursts1.51.71.9-1.4-1.31.3
Cd content in liver0.00.00.00.00.2-0.1
Co content in liver0.40.50.6-0.6-0.70.8
Cu content in liver4.75.76.82.12.4-2.6
Fe content in liver1.31.61.71.31.2-1.3
K content in liver0.30.30.50.40.6-0.7
Mg content in liver1.91.92.11.41.3-1.5
Mn content in liver0.40.50.6-0.3-0.80.8
Na content in liver0.10.10.2-0.10.4-0.3
Rb content in liver1.82.23.51.91.1-1.4
Se content in liver0.20.30.40.60.5-0.4
Sr content in liver1.00.91.30.41.1-1.2
Zn content in liver2.93.23.51.71.9-1.8
Bone: minimum diameter0.81.52.51.61.0-1.0
Time in familiar zone, hab. session 10.40.40.5-0.2-0.70.7
Time in novel zone, hab. session 11.31.21.50.81.2-1.2
Total zone transitions, hab. session 12.43.43.5-1.8-1.81.9
Total locomotion distance, hab. session 10.00.10.1-0.30.10.2
Locomotion velocity, hab. session 10.00.10.2-0.40.10.2
Time in familiar zone, hab. session 23.83.96.02.51.7-1.7
Time in novel zone, hab. session 23.23.25.2-2.3-1.41.5
Total zone transitions, hab. session 20.10.10.2-0.2-0.40.4
Total locomotion distance, hab. session 20.40.50.80.90.5-0.5
Locomotion velocity, hab. session 20.10.10.30.60.2-0.2
Novel to familiar place preference ratio1.71.73.2-1.8-0.91.1
Novelty place preference2.12.13.8-2.0-1.01.2
Time in novel zone, NPP test1.81.83.3-1.8-0.91.2
Total zone transitions, NPP test0.00.00.00.1-0.20.1
Total locomotion distance, NPP test0.50.60.91.00.7-0.7
Locomotion velocity, NPP test0.60.91.21.10.8-0.8
Intraocular pressure5.57.68.4-2.5-2.92.9
Delta distance traveled before/after self-admin2.83.05.02.21.3-1.5
Delta ambulatory time before/after self-admin2.72.94.72.21.3-1.5
Parametrial fat weight0.81.63.7-1.9-0.90.6
Pavlov. Cond. lever latency0.00.00.10.20.2-0.3
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry latency0.20.20.30.40.6-0.5
Pavlov. Cond. change in total contacts0.00.00.1-0.10.3-0.2
Pavlov. Cond. index score0.00.00.0-0.20.1-0.0
Pavlov. Cond. latency score0.10.10.2-0.4-0.00.2
Pavlov. Cond. lever contacts0.10.10.2-0.00.4-0.3
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry number0.10.10.2-0.2-0.40.3
Pavlov. Cond. intertrial magazine entries0.10.20.40.60.2-0.3
Pavlov. Cond. lever-magazine prob. diff.0.00.10.10.10.3-0.2
Pavlov. Cond. response bias0.10.10.10.30.4-0.3
Pavlov. Cond. lever latency1.31.71.9-1.1-1.41.4
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry latency0.10.10.10.30.3-0.2
Pavlov. Cond. change in total contacts1.92.63.51.11.9-1.7
Pavlov. Cond. index score0.60.81.10.71.1-0.9
Pavlov. Cond. latency score0.60.71.10.51.0-0.9
Pavlov. Cond. lever contacts1.31.71.91.41.3-1.3
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry number1.11.41.8-0.9-1.31.2
Pavlov. Cond. intertrial magazine entries0.00.00.00.1-0.10.1
Pavlov. Cond. lever-magazine prob. diff.0.70.81.20.71.1-0.9
Pavlov. Cond. response bias2.33.13.21.81.8-1.8
Time in closed arm before self-admin0.80.91.3-0.6-1.11.0
Time in closed arm after self-admin1.81.82.2-1.5-1.21.3
Time in open arm before self-admin0.10.10.30.20.6-0.2
Time in open arm after self-admin0.30.40.91.00.2-0.4
Bone: periosteal estimation1.42.94.82.21.4-1.4
Bone: periosteal perimeter0.71.21.71.31.0-1.0
Bone: post-yield work0.20.20.30.50.5-0.3
Progressive ratio test 1 active lever presses0.00.00.1-0.3-0.10.2
Progressive ratio test 1 breakpoint0.10.10.1-0.4-0.10.1
Progressive ratio test 1 inactive lever presses0.20.20.30.50.6-0.3
Progressive ratio test 2 active lever presses0.10.10.1-0.4-0.30.4
Progressive ratio test 2 breakpoint0.30.30.4-0.6-0.50.5
Progressive ratio test 2 inactive lever presses0.10.10.1-0.2-0.30.3
Incentive Sensitization - Responses0.10.10.2-0.2-0.40.4
Incentive Sensitization - Breakpoint0.10.10.2-0.2-0.40.4
Sum of active levers in priming session hrs 5-63.93.84.61.62.1-2.0
Progressive ratio0.10.10.2-0.00.3-0.4
Food seeking constrained by brief footshock0.20.20.30.30.5-0.5
Seeking ratio, punishment vs. effort0.00.00.10.2-0.00.2
Retroperitoneal fat weight4.013.015.1-3.9-3.53.4
Reaction time number correct1.62.33.1-1.1-1.71.6
Reaction time mean minus median0.10.20.30.30.5-0.5
Reaction time mean minus median AUC0.00.00.1-0.2-0.10.0
Reaction time num false alarms1.01.32.4-1.6-0.90.9
Reaction time num false alarms AUC1.62.23.8-2.0-1.21.2
Reaction time trials correct on left1.62.33.1-1.1-1.71.6
Reaction time trials on left1.62.33.1-1.1-1.81.6
Reaction time mean0.60.81.5-1.2-0.70.7
Reaction time mean AUC0.30.41.0-1.0-0.40.4
Median of all reaction times1.21.72.9-1.7-1.11.0
Reaction time omissions0.00.00.00.10.0-0.2
Reaction time false alarm rate0.40.61.6-1.3-0.30.3
Reaction time premature initiation rate2.43.26.22.51.3-1.3
Reaction time premature initiations0.91.33.21.80.5-0.7
Std. dev. reaction times0.30.40.4-0.7-0.70.6
Reaction time trials completed1.62.33.1-1.1-1.81.6
Reaction time trials AUC1.62.33.1-1.1-1.81.6
Run reversals in cocaine runway, females0.50.50.80.40.9-0.7
Run reversals in cocaine runway, males0.10.10.1-0.30.3-0.2
Latency to leave start box in cocaine runway1.92.13.21.81.1-1.4
Latency to leave start box in cocaine runway, F1.31.43.21.80.6-0.8
Latency to leave start box in cocaine runway, M0.20.20.2-0.30.4-0.5
Std. dev. time between licks in bursts0.00.00.10.30.1-0.0
Total sessions with >9 infusions1.01.11.8-1.4-0.81.0
Short access day 1 total inactive lever presses0.40.40.60.50.6-0.8
Short access day 10 total inactive lever presses0.40.41.11.10.1-0.2
Short access day 1 total infusions0.30.30.6-0.80.4-0.3
Short access day 10 total infusions0.00.00.0-0.00.2-0.2
Short access total infusions0.20.20.3-0.20.6-0.6
Short access day 1 locomotion1.31.41.6-1.3-1.11.2
Short access day 10 total locomotion2.62.93.2-1.7-1.61.8
Short access total locomotion0.91.01.5-1.2-0.80.9
One hour access (0.3 mA shock)0.20.20.4-0.7-0.40.3
Compulsive drug intake0.70.71.2-1.1-0.60.7
One hour access (shock baseline)0.00.00.10.10.1-0.2
Social response proportion1.01.11.8-1.3-1.00.8
Social responses0.91.22.00.31.2-1.4
Social time0.10.20.5-0.7-0.10.0
Soleus weight1.64.87.8-2.8-1.81.8
Bone: stiffness0.61.01.51.20.9-0.9
Tibialis anterior weight1.13.84.9-1.3-2.22.2
Time to tail flick, vehicle, before self-admin3.13.13.91.61.7-2.0
Time to tail flick, vehicle, after self-admin0.10.10.20.30.4-0.4
Time to tail flick, test, before self-admin0.10.10.3-0.6-0.20.1
Time to tail flick, test, after self-admin1.51.52.20.61.5-1.4
Delta time to tail flick, vehicle, before/after SA0.70.71.0-0.5-0.91.0
Delta time to tail flick, test, before/after SA0.30.30.40.00.7-0.6
Tibia length1.13.23.8-1.4-1.92.0
Ambulatory time before self-admin0.10.10.2-0.50.2-0.2
Ambulatory time after self-admin0.80.91.00.80.9-1.0
Bone: tissue strength0.00.00.1-0.1-0.20.2
Total heroin consumption0.20.20.7-0.8-0.2-0.2
Bone: trabecular number0.20.30.91.00.1-0.2
Bone: trabecular spacing0.00.00.1-0.00.2-0.2
Bone: trabecular thickness0.20.30.70.80.2-0.3
Bone: trabecular tissue density0.20.20.2-0.5-0.40.5
Water consumed over 24 hours0.20.30.70.8-0.30.2
Number of responses in last shaping day1.11.11.71.31.1-0.6