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Models

All models for this gene with cis-heritability P-value <0.01 were tested and are shown here. In each tissue, a gene can have zero, one, or multiple RNA phenotypes for each RNA modality. After the heritability statistics, subsequent columns show cross-validation performance (R2 and P-value) of each modeling method. The best-performing method for each models is used for TWAS.

# Tissue Modality RNA phenotype h2 h2 SE h2 P xQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 LASSO R2 xQTL P BLUP P ENET P LASSO P
1 NAcc mRNA stability ENSRNOG00000050104 0.04 0.03 1.2e-03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 2.5e-03 1.6e-03 2.9e-03 2.8e-03
2 OFC intron excision ratio chr1:85547327:85547634 0.71 0.2 2.2e-03 0.22 0.03 0.14 0.18 7.8e-06 6.3e-02 2.6e-04 4.4e-05
3 PL mRNA stability ENSRNOG00000050104 0.06 0.1 8.4e-03 0.03 0.01 0.04 0.03 1.4e-03 2.8e-02 9.3e-04 2.6e-03

Trait associations

The numbered columns correspond to the numbered models in the table above. They contain the TWAS Z-score for each trait-model pair. Colors indicate strong Z-scores (below -2 or above 2): lower negative Z-scores are darker blue, higher positive Z-scores are darker red.

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3
BMI with tail0.10.40.9-0.9-0.00.6
BMI without tail1.32.78.00.2-0.32.8
Body weight2.711.621.93.21.64.7
Epididymis fat weight0.81.95.20.30.72.3
Glucose0.30.40.9-0.5-0.9-0.4
Heart weight0.50.71.40.41.20.8
Left kidney weight1.85.18.52.60.42.9
Right kidney weight3.18.913.33.60.93.6
Tail length4.814.427.33.81.15.2
Length with tail6.523.734.15.52.75.8
Length without tail4.39.311.33.42.43.3
Liver weight, left0.71.12.4-0.9-1.6-0.1
Liver weight, right0.61.12.2-0.4-1.50.9
Parametrial fat weight1.83.58.9-0.4-3.01.2
Retroperitoneal fat weight1.34.26.4-2.3-2.5-0.9
Intraocular pressure0.10.20.4-0.00.6-0.5
Extensor digitorum longus weight0.31.11.9-0.8-1.40.8
Soleus weight0.20.60.8-0.6-0.80.9
Tibialis anterior weight0.30.92.1-0.4-1.5-0.6
Tibia length1.54.27.52.71.91.2
Number of licking bursts4.14.910.0-2.10.2-3.2
Food consumed during 24 hour testing period1.01.22.51.01.60.4
Times rat made contact with spout4.75.314.0-0.9-1.1-3.7
Mean time between licks in bursts0.91.33.80.10.21.9
Mean num. licks in bursts0.60.71.51.2-0.80.0
Std. dev. time between licks in bursts3.74.410.90.71.33.3
Water consumed over 24 hours0.20.30.40.70.5-0.3
Indifference point 0 sec1.21.95.40.40.32.3
Indifference point AUC0.80.91.6-0.7-0.8-1.2
Indifference point function ln k0.30.40.70.80.40.6
Indifference point function log k0.30.40.70.80.40.6
Delay discounting total patch changes 0 sec1.32.15.80.60.52.4
Delay discounting total patch changes 12 sec0.40.61.20.1-0.71.1
Delay discounting total patch changes 18 sec0.20.30.5-0.10.60.7
Delay discounting total patch changes 24 sec1.72.12.80.91.61.7
Delay discounting total patch changes 6 sec1.82.78.20.1-0.22.9
Delay discounting time to switch 0 sec0.50.81.8-0.8-1.30.4
Delay discounting water rate 0 sec0.30.41.2-1.1-0.20.1
Delay discounting water rate 12 sec0.71.12.00.71.40.9
Delay discounting water rate 18 sec0.30.40.9-0.5-0.21.0
Delay discounting water rate 24 sec1.21.64.0-0.12.00.9
Delay discounting water rate 6 sec3.14.57.91.12.12.8
Locomotor activity1.32.04.9-0.7-2.20.8
Locomotor testing distance0.71.12.3-0.7-1.50.6
Locomotor testing rearing1.11.73.6-1.9-1.2-0.1
Light reinforcement 10.10.20.2-0.40.40.4
Light reinforcement 21.52.03.5-1.9-1.1-1.1
Reaction time number correct0.30.51.3-0.3-0.21.1
Reaction time mean minus median0.30.30.60.80.40.6
Reaction time mean minus median AUC1.01.32.71.00.41.6
Reaction time num false alarms0.40.51.4-1.2-0.20.1
Reaction time num false alarms AUC0.50.81.6-1.3-0.4-0.7
Reaction time trials correct on left0.30.51.3-0.3-0.21.1
Reaction time trials on left0.40.61.7-0.3-0.21.3
Reaction time mean0.20.20.40.30.6-0.5
Reaction time mean AUC0.00.10.10.20.3-0.1
Median of all reaction times0.20.20.50.10.5-0.7
Reaction time omissions2.63.610.2-0.2-0.63.2
Reaction time false alarm rate0.50.71.4-0.9-0.1-1.2
Reaction time premature initiation rate0.71.02.10.30.81.5
Reaction time premature initiations1.31.85.00.10.72.2
Std. dev. reaction times0.60.91.10.81.10.9
Reaction time trials completed0.40.61.7-0.3-0.21.3
Reaction time trials AUC0.40.61.3-0.4-0.51.1
Social response proportion1.31.43.11.80.9-0.5
Social responses0.30.41.31.10.1-0.3
Social time2.22.84.42.02.1-0.4
Conditioned locomotion0.30.30.7-0.8-0.20.5
Cocaine response after cond. corrected0.91.02.4-0.2-1.50.8
Cocaine response after cond. not corrected1.81.93.9-0.0-2.01.4
Cocaine response before conditioning1.61.93.81.30.42.0
Saline control response0.10.20.40.0-0.60.4
Condit. Reinf. active minus inactive responses1.11.42.31.50.61.3
Condit. Reinf. active-inactive response ratio0.40.41.1-0.2-0.1-1.0
Condit. Reinf. active responses3.14.35.82.41.42.3
Condit. Reinf. inactive responses5.56.89.62.52.13.1
Condit. Reinf. lever presses3.85.211.33.41.31.6
Condit. Reinf. lever reinforcers received2.94.16.02.41.81.8
Pavlov. Cond. lever latency3.24.47.2-2.7-1.8-1.6
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry latency1.61.93.82.01.00.9
Pavlov. Cond. change in total contacts6.59.012.03.53.02.5
Pavlov. Cond. index score3.03.97.12.71.81.1
Pavlov. Cond. latency score2.93.76.62.61.81.1
Pavlov. Cond. lever contacts2.73.76.32.52.00.9
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry number2.12.64.9-2.2-1.5-0.9
Pavlov. Cond. intertrial magazine entries0.50.71.3-1.2-0.60.6
Pavlov. Cond. lever-magazine prob. diff.2.83.76.92.61.61.2
Pavlov. Cond. response bias3.44.77.12.72.41.3
Conditioned reinforcement - actives0.20.20.4-0.4-0.20.7
Conditioned reinforcement - inactives2.73.14.60.72.12.0
Conditioned locomotion4.55.413.5-1.6-0.0-3.7
Intermittent access intake day 1-15 change2.32.33.41.41.21.8
Intermittent access intake escalation3.23.15.41.41.52.3
Intermittent access intake escalation 24.34.310.81.30.63.3
Intermitt. access day 1 inactive lever presses2.42.64.62.11.01.5
Intermitt. access day 15 inactive lever presses1.21.32.10.81.11.4
Intermitt. access escalation Index0.50.40.7-0.30.7-0.8
Intermittent access day 1 total infusions2.22.54.5-1.60.7-2.1
Intermittent access day 15 total infusions1.11.23.4-0.11.8-0.4
Intermittent access terminal intake (last 3 days)0.70.82.1-0.41.5-0.1
Intermittent access total infusions1.31.42.0-0.71.3-1.4
Intermittent access day 1 locomotion1.21.31.6-0.91.2-1.3
Intermittent access day 15 total locomotion1.31.33.6-0.11.9-0.6
Intermittent access total locomotion1.11.32.1-1.10.7-1.5
Intermittent access standard deviation4.34.66.02.42.41.5
Cocaine induced anxiety0.20.20.70.80.00.1
Post-drug Anxiety0.20.20.6-0.0-0.80.1
Baseline Anxiety0.60.61.3-1.2-0.40.6
Lifetime Intake1.01.11.9-0.90.8-1.4
Incentive Sensitization - Responses0.80.82.1-0.20.6-1.4
Incentive Sensitization - Breakpoint0.70.71.7-0.20.6-1.3
Progressive ratio test 1 active lever presses1.71.73.60.61.9-1.0
Progressive ratio test 1 breakpoint1.71.83.10.91.8-1.2
Progressive ratio test 1 inactive lever presses1.61.83.20.71.81.3
Progressive ratio test 2 active lever presses0.80.81.90.11.4-0.7
Progressive ratio test 2 breakpoint1.11.22.10.01.2-1.4
Progressive ratio test 2 inactive lever presses3.13.56.91.02.6-1.6
Total sessions with >9 infusions1.01.11.5-1.2-0.5-1.2
Short access day 1 total inactive lever presses1.31.44.00.42.0-0.2
Short access day 10 total inactive lever presses1.21.42.11.51.20.8
Short access day 1 total infusions0.30.30.7-0.40.3-0.8
Short access day 10 total infusions1.01.12.7-0.70.1-1.7
Short access total infusions1.81.94.5-1.1-0.3-2.1
Short access day 1 locomotion0.20.20.5-0.7-0.0-0.2
Short access day 10 total locomotion0.91.02.00.91.40.2
Short access total locomotion1.01.02.1-0.9-0.2-1.4
Compulsive drug intake1.31.33.90.2-0.02.0
One hour access (0.3 mA shock)2.02.34.81.12.20.9
One hour access (shock baseline)0.60.71.80.21.4-0.4
Number of responses in last shaping day0.60.61.5-0.11.2-0.6
Context. condit. distance diff. score1.21.43.2-0.11.1-1.8
Locomotion velocity, session 11.51.62.7-0.8-1.2-1.6
Locomotion distance, session 10.70.91.30.81.1-0.9
Locomotion velocity, session 20.70.81.3-0.7-0.9-1.1
Locomotion distance, session 20.81.11.8-1.30.3-1.2
Locomotion velocity, session 30.40.51.1-0.6-0.2-1.0
Locomotion distance, session 33.03.26.41.82.50.2
Stereotopy head waving bouts, day 31.62.05.1-0.8-2.30.1
Stereotopy head waving duration, day 32.22.76.2-1.3-2.50.4
Locomotion velocity, session 70.60.61.50.61.2-0.1
Locomotion distance, session 70.40.50.90.40.5-1.0
Stereotopy head waving bouts, day 70.40.51.2-1.10.20.4
Stereotopy head waving duration, day 71.01.33.1-1.8-0.8-0.2
Locomotion velocity, session 85.97.016.4-2.2-0.1-4.0
Locomotion distance, session 82.23.37.3-1.01.3-2.7
Degree of sensitization distance0.80.81.6-0.7-1.3-0.4
Degree of sensitization stereotypy0.60.71.5-1.20.60.4
Condit. Reinf. active minus inactive responses0.10.10.2-0.5-0.30.2
Condit. Reinf. active-inactive response ratio0.80.92.0-0.4-1.40.7
Condit. Reinf. active responses1.01.22.6-1.6-0.5-0.8
Condit. Reinf. inactive responses1.61.92.9-1.60.4-1.7
Incentive salience index mean0.10.10.2-0.4-0.10.1
Condit. Reinf. lever presses0.10.10.20.10.40.3
Time in familiar zone, hab. session 10.90.81.80.5-0.7-1.3
Time in novel zone, hab. session 11.01.01.7-1.10.31.3
Total zone transitions, hab. session 10.20.20.5-0.00.7-0.3
Total locomotion distance, hab. session 11.11.62.71.30.61.6
Locomotion velocity, hab. session 10.50.81.11.10.11.1
Time in familiar zone, hab. session 21.51.62.61.6-0.31.5
Time in novel zone, hab. session 21.01.11.6-1.3-0.2-1.2
Total zone transitions, hab. session 21.51.94.2-2.1-0.7-1.0
Total locomotion distance, hab. session 20.40.51.3-0.30.31.2
Locomotion velocity, hab. session 20.20.30.6-0.40.10.8
Novel to familiar place preference ratio0.70.81.70.30.71.3
Novelty place preference0.50.61.10.20.81.0
Time in novel zone, NPP test0.40.50.9-0.00.70.9
Total zone transitions, NPP test0.20.20.7-0.3-0.1-0.8
Total locomotion distance, NPP test1.11.53.51.90.50.8
Locomotion velocity, NPP test1.21.73.92.00.41.0
Pavlov. Cond. lever latency0.20.20.30.40.20.6
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry latency0.30.40.7-0.7-0.8-0.2
Pavlov. Cond. change in total contacts0.20.20.3-0.50.50.0
Pavlov. Cond. index score0.30.40.6-0.8-0.8-0.2
Pavlov. Cond. latency score0.20.30.3-0.5-0.4-0.6
Pavlov. Cond. lever contacts0.10.10.20.2-0.1-0.4
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry number0.30.40.80.90.70.0
Pavlov. Cond. intertrial magazine entries0.80.91.7-1.0-0.4-1.3
Pavlov. Cond. lever-magazine prob. diff.0.40.50.8-0.9-0.7-0.2
Pavlov. Cond. response bias0.30.40.9-0.4-1.0-0.0
Bone: apparent density0.81.43.30.9-0.21.8
Bone surface1.42.53.01.71.31.7
Bone volume1.22.02.51.61.01.6
Bone: connectivity density0.60.92.20.60.11.5
Bone: cortical apparent density1.31.72.8-1.7-0.3-1.5
Bone: cortical area0.60.92.11.40.50.6
Bone: cortical porosity0.50.61.5-1.20.20.4
Bone: cortical porosity0.70.72.1-1.50.30.1
Bone: cortical thickness0.20.30.40.7-0.3-0.5
Bone: cortical thickness0.80.91.5-1.0-1.2-0.4
Bone: cortical tissue density1.41.83.3-1.8-0.3-1.4
Bone: elastic displacement0.50.51.2-0.0-0.71.1
Bone: elastic work1.51.93.21.60.41.8
Bone: endosteal estimation1.32.73.92.01.21.7
Bone: endosteal perimeter1.12.23.51.91.60.8
Bone: final force0.81.32.81.71.00.5
Bone: final moment1.01.73.61.91.10.6
Bone: marrow area1.32.84.12.01.11.7
Bone: maximum diameter1.22.23.31.60.81.8
Bone: maximum force1.52.54.72.21.40.9
Bone: maximum moment1.73.05.52.41.51.0
Bone: minimum diameter2.64.96.42.52.21.8
Bone: periosteal estimation1.22.44.52.11.11.3
Bone: periosteal perimeter0.61.02.61.60.5-0.4
Bone: post-yield work2.53.44.61.62.11.7
Bone: stiffness0.71.12.21.51.1-0.1
Bone: tissue strength2.92.84.11.82.01.0
Bone: trabecular number1.52.44.01.51.02.0
Bone: trabecular spacing0.60.81.60.5-0.61.3
Bone: trabecular thickness0.20.30.6-0.40.20.8
Bone: trabecular tissue density4.96.99.7-1.9-2.7-3.1
Breakpoint value in progressive ratio session1.92.12.31.51.4-1.4
Distance traveled before self-admin0.00.00.00.2-0.2-0.1
Distance traveled after self-admin2.73.05.12.31.61.3
Delta time in closed arm before/after self-admin2.32.33.71.60.71.9
Delta time in open arm before/after self-admin0.70.61.0-1.0-0.90.4
Diff in mean of infusions in LGA sessions0.10.10.2-0.40.4-0.2
Extinction: sum of active levers before priming1.61.63.92.00.7-0.8
Active lever presses in extinction session 61.41.33.31.8-0.70.3
Delta distance traveled before/after self-admin3.13.35.02.21.71.4
Delta ambulatory time before/after self-admin3.33.65.52.31.91.2
Time in closed arm before self-admin1.11.33.0-1.7-0.1-0.9
Time in closed arm after self-admin0.20.20.20.40.5-0.4
Time in open arm before self-admin1.92.15.72.40.40.5
Time in open arm after self-admin0.70.71.30.90.11.1
Sum of active levers in priming session hrs 5-60.30.30.60.40.3-0.8
Time to tail flick, vehicle, before self-admin3.03.18.1-1.0-0.4-2.8
Time to tail flick, vehicle, after self-admin0.20.20.30.2-0.5-0.4
Time to tail flick, test, before self-admin4.34.39.8-0.71.63.1
Time to tail flick, test, after self-admin0.40.41.1-0.20.31.0
Delta time to tail flick, vehicle, before/after SA2.12.05.30.90.22.3
Delta time to tail flick, test, before/after SA1.51.33.2-0.3-1.8-0.8
Ambulatory time before self-admin0.00.00.00.1-0.2-0.2
Ambulatory time after self-admin4.65.09.23.02.30.7
Total heroin consumption0.60.71.10.81.0-0.7
Area under the delay curve0.50.51.10.71.10.2
Delay disc. indifference point, 0s delay1.31.44.00.32.0-0.2
Delay disc. indifference point, 16s delay1.01.01.41.11.2-0.5
Delay disc. indifference point, 2s delay1.61.83.51.01.91.0
Delay disc. indifference point, 24s delay1.91.92.61.61.60.7
Delay disc. indifference point, 4s delay0.10.10.3-0.10.60.1
Delay disc. indifference point, 8s delay0.70.71.60.50.51.3
Delay discount exponential model param0.60.60.9-0.8-1.0-0.6
Delay discount hyperbolic model param0.60.61.1-0.6-1.0-0.6
Fecal boli incidents, locomotor time 12.72.94.6-1.3-1.6-2.1
Change in fecal boli incidents, locomotor task1.51.43.10.3-1.11.8
Time >=10cm from walls, locomotor time 10.20.20.6-0.2-0.3-0.8
Bouts of movement, locomotor time 11.82.03.10.81.8-1.5
Total resting periods, locomotor time 11.41.62.10.81.5-1.4
Rest time, locomotor task time 10.60.71.3-0.9-1.1-0.0
Distance moved, locomotor task time 11.11.22.90.00.81.7
Vertical activity count, locomotor time 13.43.56.91.31.42.6
Time >=10cm from walls, locomotor time 21.11.11.7-1.3-0.8-1.0
Bouts of movement, locomotor time 20.80.92.5-0.00.3-1.6
Total resting periods, locomotor time 20.50.51.5-0.2-0.1-1.2
Rest time, locomotor task time 20.60.71.0-0.6-1.0-0.9
Distance moved, locomotor task time 22.73.28.6-0.40.82.9
Vertical activity count, locomotor time 23.74.09.30.81.43.1
Weight adjusted by age0.80.92.5-0.00.2-1.6
Seeking ratio, delayed vs. immediate footshock4.14.79.31.21.93.0
Locomotion in novel chamber0.30.41.1-0.2-1.1-0.1
Locomotion in novel chamber post-restriction0.30.30.50.4-0.5-0.7
Progressive ratio0.70.82.30.2-0.01.5
Food seeking constrained by brief footshock4.35.210.02.21.03.2
Seeking ratio, punishment vs. effort0.40.50.70.80.80.4
Run reversals in cocaine runway, females0.70.71.70.61.30.0
Run reversals in cocaine runway, males2.12.05.6-0.3-2.40.5
Latency to leave start box in cocaine runway0.91.01.80.11.31.1
Latency to leave start box in cocaine runway, F0.30.41.0-0.21.00.2
Latency to leave start box in cocaine runway, M1.51.54.20.00.42.0
Cd content in liver0.10.10.30.1-0.00.6
Co content in liver0.20.20.4-0.6-0.50.1
Cu content in liver1.31.63.70.70.71.9
Fe content in liver0.10.20.4-0.10.1-0.7
K content in liver1.91.95.80.2-0.12.4
Mg content in liver1.41.42.7-0.7-1.11.6
Mn content in liver1.51.73.4-1.0-1.9-0.9
Na content in liver1.31.42.11.31.50.6
Rb content in liver0.30.40.8-0.20.70.9
Se content in liver5.56.69.8-3.1-2.5-2.0
Sr content in liver0.90.81.1-0.8-1.1-0.8
Zn content in liver0.60.71.9-0.3-0.11.4