Kl

Models

All models for this gene with cis-heritability P-value <0.01 were tested and are shown here. In each tissue, a gene can have zero, one, or multiple RNA phenotypes for each RNA modality. After the heritability statistics, subsequent columns show cross-validation performance (R2 and P-value) of each modeling method. The best-performing method for each models is used for TWAS.

# Tissue Modality RNA phenotype h2 h2 SE h2 P xQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 LASSO R2 xQTL P BLUP P ENET P LASSO P
1 Adipose gene expression ENSRNOG00000001092 0.14 0.07 1.8e-13 0.1 0.11 0.11 0.11 2.6e-11 6.0e-12 4.2e-12 2.9e-12
2 Brain gene expression ENSRNOG00000001092 0.03 0.02 9.3e-03 0 0.02 0.01 0.01 1.5e-01 3.0e-03 2.3e-02 4.7e-02
3 NAcc gene expression ENSRNOG00000001092 0.33 0.13 0.0e+00 0.36 0.34 0.34 0.35 1.6e-27 1.1e-25 8.0e-26 2.6e-27
4 PL gene expression ENSRNOG00000001092 0.04 0.03 3.4e-03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 1.2e-03 2.2e-03 2.5e-03 4.9e-03

Trait associations

The numbered columns correspond to the numbered models in the table above. They contain the TWAS Z-score for each trait-model pair. Colors indicate strong Z-scores (below -2 or above 2): lower negative Z-scores are darker blue, higher positive Z-scores are darker red.

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4
BMI with tail0.72.36.4-2.5-1.2-0.6-1.0
BMI without tail1.22.57.5-2.7-0.4-1.1-1.1
Body weight3.213.352.4-7.20.80.1-0.5
Epididymis fat weight0.30.71.1-1.0-0.6-0.8-0.8
Glucose0.60.91.8-0.1-1.3-0.8-1.0
Heart weight0.20.30.7-0.00.6-0.8-0.6
Left kidney weight2.26.220.9-4.62.00.40.2
Right kidney weight1.64.515.2-3.91.60.30.2
Tail length2.26.824.7-5.00.6-1.1-0.9
Length with tail3.914.153.9-7.31.6-0.2-0.4
Length without tail2.45.220.2-4.50.50.3-0.3
Liver weight, left2.13.44.90.32.22.21.9
Liver weight, right1.01.72.9-1.71.51.10.5
Parametrial fat weight0.20.40.8-0.30.30.90.9
Retroperitoneal fat weight1.03.29.0-0.4-3.0-1.5-1.2
Intraocular pressure0.40.61.1-1.01.10.20.2
Extensor digitorum longus weight1.24.717.9-4.20.9-0.2-0.3
Soleus weight0.41.11.7-1.31.30.70.7
Tibialis anterior weight1.96.725.6-5.10.3-0.7-0.8
Tibia length1.02.79.6-3.10.60.80.6
Number of licking bursts1.01.22.30.21.51.01.3
Food consumed during 24 hour testing period1.01.31.70.51.31.21.3
Times rat made contact with spout0.20.30.8-0.90.1-0.3-0.4
Mean time between licks in bursts0.40.62.31.50.00.30.3
Mean num. licks in bursts0.40.40.6-0.4-0.8-0.5-0.8
Std. dev. time between licks in bursts0.10.10.2-0.30.2-0.4-0.4
Water consumed over 24 hours1.11.32.6-0.81.60.91.0
Indifference point 0 sec2.74.45.91.52.12.22.4
Indifference point AUC0.20.30.8-0.30.90.20.4
Indifference point function ln k0.30.50.90.50.90.50.7
Indifference point function log k0.30.50.90.50.90.50.7
Delay discounting total patch changes 0 sec3.55.77.31.82.52.42.7
Delay discounting total patch changes 12 sec1.11.52.20.51.41.31.5
Delay discounting total patch changes 18 sec3.14.15.11.52.22.12.3
Delay discounting total patch changes 24 sec2.32.94.51.52.11.41.7
Delay discounting total patch changes 6 sec2.43.74.91.22.22.12.1
Delay discounting time to switch 0 sec1.62.47.9-0.3-2.8-0.9-0.9
Delay discounting water rate 0 sec3.35.212.40.33.52.02.1
Delay discounting water rate 12 sec0.50.82.10.41.50.60.6
Delay discounting water rate 18 sec0.20.20.60.00.1-0.8-0.5
Delay discounting water rate 24 sec0.60.92.4-0.91.60.40.4
Delay discounting water rate 6 sec0.60.91.70.11.30.51.2
Locomotor activity1.32.04.5-2.10.4-1.4-1.2
Locomotor testing distance0.40.61.8-0.51.30.20.5
Locomotor testing rearing0.61.01.50.91.20.81.0
Light reinforcement 11.01.93.1-0.2-1.7-1.8-1.2
Light reinforcement 20.20.20.50.50.30.40.7
Reaction time number correct1.11.53.40.51.91.01.2
Reaction time mean minus median6.17.910.9-2.1-2.5-3.2-3.3
Reaction time mean minus median AUC2.22.95.2-0.5-1.4-2.0-2.3
Reaction time num false alarms1.31.83.1-0.5-1.2-1.8-1.6
Reaction time num false alarms AUC0.91.22.1-0.5-0.9-1.4-1.3
Reaction time trials correct on left1.11.53.40.51.91.01.2
Reaction time trials on left1.01.43.20.51.80.91.1
Reaction time mean3.44.77.3-0.1-2.7-2.4-2.4
Reaction time mean AUC3.24.26.50.1-2.5-2.2-2.3
Median of all reaction times2.43.26.10.6-2.5-1.8-1.8
Reaction time omissions1.72.34.1-0.3-1.7-1.5-2.0
Reaction time false alarm rate1.82.63.5-0.8-1.7-1.9-1.8
Reaction time premature initiation rate0.81.11.6-1.0-1.0-1.3-0.9
Reaction time premature initiations0.20.30.6-0.6-0.1-0.8-0.3
Std. dev. reaction times3.95.37.4-1.1-2.4-2.6-2.7
Reaction time trials completed1.01.43.20.51.80.91.1
Reaction time trials AUC0.91.43.00.71.70.91.1
Social response proportion4.54.910.9-3.3-0.9-1.8-2.1
Social responses0.50.71.7-1.30.4-0.7-0.6
Social time1.21.62.10.9-1.3-1.5-1.4
Conditioned locomotion0.30.40.70.30.70.70.8
Cocaine response after cond. corrected0.40.40.6-0.6-0.50.70.7
Cocaine response after cond. not corrected0.40.51.0-0.9-1.0-0.1-0.0
Cocaine response before conditioning1.21.42.9-0.6-0.7-1.7-1.4
Saline control response0.81.13.3-0.91.80.30.5
Condit. Reinf. active minus inactive responses1.82.33.3-1.8-0.8-1.5-1.7
Condit. Reinf. active-inactive response ratio2.12.22.9-1.4-1.1-1.6-1.7
Condit. Reinf. active responses2.02.73.9-2.0-0.9-1.7-1.8
Condit. Reinf. inactive responses0.10.20.4-0.60.2-0.3-0.3
Condit. Reinf. lever presses0.20.30.5-0.4-0.3-0.6-0.7
Condit. Reinf. lever reinforcers received1.92.73.8-1.7-1.0-1.7-1.9
Pavlov. Cond. lever latency1.82.43.80.61.42.01.9
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry latency3.23.75.1-0.5-2.3-2.2-2.1
Pavlov. Cond. change in total contacts0.91.22.2-0.2-0.8-1.5-1.4
Pavlov. Cond. index score2.12.84.4-0.4-1.6-2.1-2.0
Pavlov. Cond. latency score2.12.63.9-0.4-1.7-2.0-1.9
Pavlov. Cond. lever contacts1.52.13.2-0.6-1.4-1.8-1.7
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry number2.02.43.40.01.71.81.8
Pavlov. Cond. intertrial magazine entries0.20.30.8-0.20.90.20.4
Pavlov. Cond. lever-magazine prob. diff.2.32.94.6-0.3-1.6-2.1-2.1
Pavlov. Cond. response bias2.53.55.5-0.5-1.8-2.3-2.2
Conditioned reinforcement - actives1.11.13.3-1.80.90.1-0.5
Conditioned reinforcement - inactives0.50.61.60.21.30.8-0.2
Conditioned locomotion0.91.03.2-1.80.70.1-0.7
Intermittent access intake day 1-15 change1.31.33.10.01.81.20.9
Intermittent access intake escalation0.80.82.4-0.21.50.70.6
Intermittent access intake escalation 20.60.61.30.71.10.50.6
Intermitt. access day 1 inactive lever presses1.31.42.40.41.51.41.1
Intermitt. access day 15 inactive lever presses1.01.12.30.40.21.51.3
Intermitt. access escalation Index0.30.30.70.60.0-0.90.1
Intermittent access day 1 total infusions0.60.70.90.1-1.0-1.0-0.9
Intermittent access day 15 total infusions0.10.10.40.20.60.10.1
Intermittent access terminal intake (last 3 days)0.10.10.20.50.20.00.1
Intermittent access total infusions0.40.50.7-0.0-0.8-0.8-0.8
Intermittent access day 1 locomotion1.41.42.20.2-1.5-1.2-1.4
Intermittent access day 15 total locomotion0.80.81.9-0.6-0.2-0.9-1.4
Intermittent access total locomotion1.61.83.3-0.2-1.3-1.5-1.8
Intermittent access standard deviation1.81.93.80.61.31.91.4
Cocaine induced anxiety0.40.50.90.2-0.8-0.9-0.6
Post-drug Anxiety2.52.85.80.5-2.4-1.9-1.2
Baseline Anxiety1.51.64.60.5-2.1-1.1-0.6
Lifetime Intake0.30.30.70.1-0.9-0.5-0.4
Incentive Sensitization - Responses0.50.51.50.30.1-0.6-1.2
Incentive Sensitization - Breakpoint0.50.51.50.30.2-0.6-1.2
Progressive ratio test 1 active lever presses0.20.20.5-0.70.20.1-0.5
Progressive ratio test 1 breakpoint0.20.20.6-0.70.1-0.0-0.6
Progressive ratio test 1 inactive lever presses0.50.61.6-0.61.30.30.5
Progressive ratio test 2 active lever presses0.70.81.7-1.00.3-0.5-1.3
Progressive ratio test 2 breakpoint0.80.92.3-0.80.1-0.8-1.5
Progressive ratio test 2 inactive lever presses1.41.75.0-0.52.21.10.4
Total sessions with >9 infusions0.20.20.5-0.2-0.5-0.2-0.7
Short access day 1 total inactive lever presses0.20.20.6-0.00.50.80.3
Short access day 10 total inactive lever presses1.81.92.8-0.61.71.61.5
Short access day 1 total infusions1.01.12.51.6-0.21.20.6
Short access day 10 total infusions0.20.20.60.8-0.40.0-0.1
Short access total infusions0.30.31.00.2-1.00.20.2
Short access day 1 locomotion1.31.43.10.1-1.8-0.8-1.3
Short access day 10 total locomotion0.20.20.50.7-0.00.50.5
Short access total locomotion0.70.72.00.2-1.4-0.5-0.8
Compulsive drug intake1.21.24.12.0-0.00.30.7
One hour access (0.3 mA shock)0.70.82.20.91.50.50.1
One hour access (shock baseline)0.60.71.0-1.00.6-0.6-1.0
Number of responses in last shaping day0.20.20.60.20.40.8-0.2
Context. condit. distance diff. score1.72.15.7-2.4-0.3-1.2-1.0
Locomotion velocity, session 10.70.71.00.3-0.9-1.0-1.0
Locomotion distance, session 10.50.61.31.2-0.5-0.7-0.5
Locomotion velocity, session 20.30.40.60.1-0.6-0.8-0.8
Locomotion distance, session 20.40.62.01.40.1-0.5-0.4
Locomotion velocity, session 30.20.20.3-0.4-0.3-0.5-0.5
Locomotion distance, session 30.50.60.80.90.80.60.7
Stereotopy head waving bouts, day 31.01.21.6-1.11.30.91.0
Stereotopy head waving duration, day 30.10.10.2-0.20.20.40.4
Locomotion velocity, session 72.83.14.1-0.6-2.0-2.0-1.9
Locomotion distance, session 71.21.52.4-0.2-1.0-1.5-1.5
Stereotopy head waving bouts, day 70.10.10.20.5-0.2-0.3-0.3
Stereotopy head waving duration, day 70.10.10.20.4-0.3-0.3-0.2
Locomotion velocity, session 80.80.91.1-1.0-0.9-1.0-0.9
Locomotion distance, session 80.71.01.9-1.4-0.4-1.1-0.9
Degree of sensitization distance1.41.42.1-0.1-1.3-1.4-1.4
Degree of sensitization stereotypy0.20.20.30.2-0.6-0.6-0.5
Condit. Reinf. active minus inactive responses0.60.71.3-0.2-1.1-0.9-0.8
Condit. Reinf. active-inactive response ratio1.01.11.8-0.7-1.3-1.0-1.0
Condit. Reinf. active responses0.40.50.9-0.0-0.7-0.9-0.8
Condit. Reinf. inactive responses0.30.30.50.7-0.1-0.7-0.6
Incentive salience index mean0.30.40.60.2-0.7-0.8-0.7
Condit. Reinf. lever presses0.20.20.30.6-0.2-0.6-0.5
Time in familiar zone, hab. session 11.51.42.01.10.71.41.4
Time in novel zone, hab. session 10.80.81.2-1.1-0.5-0.9-0.9
Total zone transitions, hab. session 10.91.22.10.5-1.0-1.4-1.3
Total locomotion distance, hab. session 10.71.01.5-0.3-1.1-1.2-1.1
Locomotion velocity, hab. session 11.01.52.20.1-1.4-1.5-1.4
Time in familiar zone, hab. session 20.10.10.1-0.1-0.40.30.2
Time in novel zone, hab. session 20.20.20.40.2-0.1-0.6-0.6
Total zone transitions, hab. session 20.10.10.4-0.30.0-0.6-0.4
Total locomotion distance, hab. session 20.10.20.4-0.1-0.2-0.6-0.5
Locomotion velocity, hab. session 20.10.10.3-0.0-0.2-0.6-0.5
Novel to familiar place preference ratio0.10.10.2-0.2-0.2-0.4-0.4
Novelty place preference0.10.10.20.1-0.3-0.4-0.4
Time in novel zone, NPP test0.10.10.2-0.1-0.2-0.4-0.4
Total zone transitions, NPP test0.30.40.8-0.3-0.3-0.9-0.7
Total locomotion distance, NPP test1.31.82.7-0.8-1.2-1.6-1.5
Locomotion velocity, NPP test1.11.62.5-0.8-0.9-1.6-1.5
Pavlov. Cond. lever latency1.01.21.8-1.31.20.81.0
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry latency0.20.30.4-0.5-0.3-0.6-0.6
Pavlov. Cond. change in total contacts1.81.93.4-0.5-1.8-1.4-1.5
Pavlov. Cond. index score0.50.60.9-0.0-0.9-0.9-0.9
Pavlov. Cond. latency score0.81.01.40.1-1.2-1.1-1.1
Pavlov. Cond. lever contacts0.80.91.40.9-1.2-0.8-0.9
Pavlov. Cond. magazine entry number0.40.50.70.60.30.80.8
Pavlov. Cond. intertrial magazine entries0.30.41.41.20.30.30.3
Pavlov. Cond. lever-magazine prob. diff.0.30.40.7-0.0-0.8-0.7-0.7
Pavlov. Cond. response bias0.30.40.6-0.3-0.6-0.8-0.8
Bone: apparent density2.54.15.7-0.82.32.42.1
Bone surface1.32.44.0-2.01.31.41.3
Bone volume1.42.33.3-1.01.51.81.7
Bone: connectivity density1.92.94.1-1.72.01.61.5
Bone: cortical apparent density0.91.21.8-0.2-1.4-1.2-1.2
Bone: cortical area1.21.75.0-2.2-0.7-0.7-1.0
Bone: cortical porosity0.10.10.3-0.00.40.50.3
Bone: cortical porosity0.00.00.10.30.10.1-0.2
Bone: cortical thickness0.81.44.1-2.0-0.6-0.6-0.8
Bone: cortical thickness0.40.51.5-1.20.2-0.5-0.5
Bone: cortical tissue density0.70.91.5-0.1-1.2-1.0-1.0
Bone: elastic displacement0.30.30.5-0.10.70.70.5
Bone: elastic work1.11.42.0-1.41.31.00.8
Bone: endosteal estimation0.81.83.5-0.21.91.31.4
Bone: endosteal perimeter0.20.50.9-0.90.90.30.3
Bone: final force0.81.35.0-2.20.1-0.3-0.4
Bone: final moment0.61.03.8-1.90.2-0.1-0.2
Bone: marrow area0.92.03.9-0.12.01.41.5
Bone: maximum diameter0.40.71.9-1.40.60.60.4
Bone: maximum force0.50.82.8-1.70.70.20.1
Bone: maximum moment0.40.71.9-1.40.80.40.3
Bone: minimum diameter0.00.10.10.20.30.40.2
Bone: periosteal estimation0.40.82.4-1.50.80.30.3
Bone: periosteal perimeter0.50.82.0-1.4-0.2-0.7-0.8
Bone: post-yield work0.10.20.3-0.00.50.50.3
Bone: stiffness0.60.91.8-1.3-0.2-1.0-1.0
Bone: tissue strength2.52.43.31.21.41.81.7
Bone: trabecular number1.32.02.3-1.51.51.41.2
Bone: trabecular spacing0.70.92.81.7-0.7-0.4-0.2
Bone: trabecular thickness1.01.32.6-1.61.10.90.7
Bone: trabecular tissue density6.49.011.3-2.3-2.9-3.3-3.4
Breakpoint value in progressive ratio session1.51.72.4-1.3-1.4-1.6-1.0
Distance traveled before self-admin1.11.21.8-0.4-1.2-1.3-1.1
Distance traveled after self-admin0.30.40.7-0.3-0.2-0.8-0.8
Delta time in closed arm before/after self-admin0.90.82.1-0.7-0.5-0.7-1.4
Delta time in open arm before/after self-admin0.90.92.81.7-0.4-0.10.8
Diff in mean of infusions in LGA sessions0.00.00.10.30.1-0.2-0.0
Extinction: sum of active levers before priming0.50.50.90.6-0.9-0.9-0.3
Active lever presses in extinction session 60.00.00.00.00.10.1-0.1
Delta distance traveled before/after self-admin0.40.41.10.41.10.60.4
Delta ambulatory time before/after self-admin0.30.40.60.70.70.50.4
Time in closed arm before self-admin0.91.12.6-0.41.61.00.7
Time in closed arm after self-admin0.70.71.3-0.71.00.1-1.2
Time in open arm before self-admin0.40.50.7-0.6-0.6-0.7-0.9
Time in open arm after self-admin0.20.20.60.4-0.40.00.8
Sum of active levers in priming session hrs 5-60.50.51.7-0.1-1.3-0.6-0.1
Time to tail flick, vehicle, before self-admin2.32.34.2-0.8-2.1-1.9-0.9
Time to tail flick, vehicle, after self-admin1.01.02.70.1-0.7-1.0-1.6
Time to tail flick, test, before self-admin0.20.20.3-0.60.50.3-0.3
Time to tail flick, test, after self-admin0.30.30.8-0.6-0.9-0.4-0.2
Delta time to tail flick, vehicle, before/after SA0.80.81.71.30.80.7-0.5
Delta time to tail flick, test, before/after SA0.20.10.20.4-0.40.10.5
Ambulatory time before self-admin2.02.13.2-1.0-1.3-1.8-1.6
Ambulatory time after self-admin0.50.51.0-0.3-0.5-0.9-1.0
Total heroin consumption2.32.73.51.1-1.8-1.8-1.9
Area under the delay curve4.44.76.0-1.2-2.4-2.3-2.4
Delay disc. indifference point, 0s delay4.24.67.7-2.2-2.8-1.9-1.5
Delay disc. indifference point, 16s delay1.61.62.8-0.5-1.2-1.4-1.7
Delay disc. indifference point, 2s delay5.05.610.2-1.0-3.2-2.3-2.4
Delay disc. indifference point, 24s delay1.01.01.4-0.4-1.2-1.1-1.1
Delay disc. indifference point, 4s delay2.93.05.1-1.0-2.3-1.8-1.7
Delay disc. indifference point, 8s delay1.71.82.8-0.6-1.2-1.6-1.7
Delay discount exponential model param4.54.76.21.12.42.42.5
Delay discount hyperbolic model param4.24.56.11.02.52.32.3
Fecal boli incidents, locomotor time 10.30.40.9-1.00.4-0.5-0.4
Change in fecal boli incidents, locomotor task0.30.31.00.4-0.10.41.0
Time >=10cm from walls, locomotor time 11.71.73.70.6-1.9-1.2-1.0
Bouts of movement, locomotor time 10.30.30.9-0.90.60.10.2
Total resting periods, locomotor time 10.30.31.1-1.10.4-0.1-0.0
Rest time, locomotor task time 10.10.10.5-0.70.0-0.00.1
Distance moved, locomotor task time 10.30.30.50.3-0.3-0.6-0.7
Vertical activity count, locomotor time 10.20.20.3-0.10.3-0.6-0.4
Time >=10cm from walls, locomotor time 21.41.52.4-1.3-1.5-1.3-0.5
Bouts of movement, locomotor time 20.70.71.7-1.30.60.10.8
Total resting periods, locomotor time 20.70.81.4-1.20.70.41.1
Rest time, locomotor task time 20.10.10.30.3-0.2-0.00.5
Distance moved, locomotor task time 20.10.10.30.10.50.3-0.2
Vertical activity count, locomotor time 20.60.71.9-0.71.40.50.2
Weight adjusted by age1.31.52.30.31.51.31.3
Seeking ratio, delayed vs. immediate footshock2.63.06.22.50.71.41.8
Locomotion in novel chamber0.20.20.5-0.20.70.40.3
Locomotion in novel chamber post-restriction0.70.82.3-1.50.8-0.1-0.5
Progressive ratio0.20.20.40.7-0.20.50.5
Food seeking constrained by brief footshock3.74.56.72.61.52.02.2
Seeking ratio, punishment vs. effort0.50.61.10.41.00.70.7
Run reversals in cocaine runway, females0.30.30.50.70.10.10.7
Run reversals in cocaine runway, males0.80.71.60.81.30.60.5
Latency to leave start box in cocaine runway0.30.40.7-0.2-0.9-0.8-0.3
Latency to leave start box in cocaine runway, F0.10.10.2-0.5-0.20.2-0.0
Latency to leave start box in cocaine runway, M0.60.61.50.7-0.4-1.2-0.4
Cd content in liver1.81.95.72.41.10.60.7
Co content in liver2.52.94.01.02.01.91.7
Cu content in liver0.81.01.41.11.01.20.7
Fe content in liver0.30.31.0-1.00.4-0.3-0.4
K content in liver0.10.10.3-0.5-0.20.0-0.1
Mg content in liver0.10.10.5-0.70.10.2-0.1
Mn content in liver0.40.40.80.90.30.60.7
Na content in liver0.50.60.7-0.9-0.7-0.8-0.6
Rb content in liver0.40.51.91.4-0.40.0-0.2
Se content in liver2.12.52.8-1.7-1.6-1.5-1.6
Sr content in liver2.72.53.50.61.61.81.9
Zn content in liver2.32.53.6-0.71.91.81.6