Progressive ratio

Progressive ratio, i.e. food-seeking constrained by escalating effort schedule. The last successfully completed ratio or shock intensity endured before timeout. Animals are food restricted to 85% of initial body weight, trained to lever-press for food pellets (45 mg) until stable response rates were reached, then tested either on the progressive ratio (PR) task with progressively increasing effort requirements (lever-presses required per pellet) or progressively increasing punishment (i.e., a foot-shock of increasing intensity presented 1 s after food pellet delivery, whose magnitude increases ~25% every 3 trials). In the PR task, rats time out if 2 min passed without a lever press. In the punishment task, a timeout is defined by three consecutive trials with >30 s passing without a lever press. For both tasks, the break point is the last successfully completed ratio or shock intensity endured before timeout.

Tags: Behavior · Motivation

Project: u01_tom_jhou

1 loci · 1 genes with independent associations · 1 total associated genes

Significant Loci

#	Chr	Start pos	End pos	# assoc genes	# joint models	Best TWAS P	Best GWAS P	Cond GWAS P	Joint genes
1	10	62271668	63667097	1	1	1.28e-08	5.35e-01	4.48e-09	Eral1

Pleiotropic Associations

Trait	Chi² ratio	# genes⁺	# genes⁺⁺	% genes⁺⁺	Corr P	Genes
Heart weight	3.63	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Left kidney weight	1.53	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Food consumed during 24 hour testing period	14.68	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Times rat made contact with spout	19.64	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Mean time between licks in bursts	5.57	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Mean num. licks in bursts	16.6	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Std. dev. time between licks in bursts	13.88	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Intermittent access intake escalation 2	6.45	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Intermitt. access day 1 inactive lever presses	5.81	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Intermitt. access day 15 inactive lever presses	19.83	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Intermittent access total locomotion	7.32	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Short access day 10 total inactive lever presses	4.2	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Short access day 1 total infusions	28.54	1	1	100	1e+00	Eral1
Short access total infusions	17.56	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Short access day 1 locomotion	23.22	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Short access total locomotion	23.77	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Breakpoint value in progressive ratio session	7.34	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Distance traveled before self-admin	58.43	1	1	100	1e+00	Eral1
Distance traveled after self-admin	7.49	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Delta time in open arm before/after self-admin	8.04	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Extinction: sum of active levers before priming	8.22	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Active lever presses in extinction session 6	20.19	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Delta distance traveled before/after self-admin	8.53	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Delta ambulatory time before/after self-admin	37.49	1	1	100	1e+00	Eral1
Time in open arm after self-admin	10.52	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Time to tail flick, vehicle, before self-admin	10.06	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Time to tail flick, vehicle, after self-admin	4.88	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Ambulatory time before self-admin	49.07	1	1	100	1e+00	Eral1
Ambulatory time after self-admin	6.62	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Total heroin consumption	3.34	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Area under the delay curve	45.55	1	1	100	1e+00	Eral1
Delay disc. indifference point, 16s delay	63.86	1	1	100	1e+00	Eral1
Delay disc. indifference point, 24s delay	9.47	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Delay disc. indifference point, 4s delay	6.47	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Delay disc. indifference point, 8s delay	71.89	1	1	100	1e+00	Eral1
Delay discount exponential model param	36.26	1	1	100	1e+00	Eral1
Delay discount hyperbolic model param	29.71	1	1	100	1e+00	Eral1
Rest time, locomotor task time 1	15.21	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Distance moved, locomotor task time 1	3.68	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Time >=10cm from walls, locomotor time 2	39.82	1	1	100	1e+00	Eral1
Rest time, locomotor task time 2	5.56	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Distance moved, locomotor task time 2	13.4	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Vertical activity count, locomotor time 2	8.68	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Weight adjusted by age	3.44	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Locomotion in novel chamber post-restriction	13.53	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Food seeking constrained by brief footshock	13.98	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Seeking ratio, punishment vs. effort	10.23	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Run reversals in cocaine runway, males	48.09	1	1	100	1e+00	Eral1
Latency to leave start box in cocaine runway	12.57	1	0	0	1e+00	Eral1
Latency to leave start box in cocaine runway, M	38.49	1	1	100	1e+00	Eral1

Associations by panel

Tissue	RNA modality	# hits	Avg chisq
Adipose	alternative polyA	0	1.24
Adipose	alternative TSS	0	1.1
Adipose	gene expression	1	1.11
Adipose	isoform ratio	0	1.17
Adipose	intron excision ratio	0	1.19
Adipose	mRNA stability	0	1.14
BLA	alternative polyA	0	1.25
BLA	alternative TSS	0	1.12
BLA	gene expression	0	1.18
BLA	isoform ratio	0	1.14
BLA	intron excision ratio	0	1.21
BLA	mRNA stability	0	1.1
Brain	alternative polyA	0	1.16
Brain	alternative TSS	0	1.27
Brain	gene expression	0	1.14
Brain	isoform ratio	0	1.15
Brain	intron excision ratio	0	1.19
Brain	mRNA stability	0	1.1
Eye	alternative polyA	0	0.86
Eye	alternative TSS	0	0.99
Eye	gene expression	0	1.24
Eye	isoform ratio	0	1.15
Eye	intron excision ratio	0	1.19
Eye	mRNA stability	0	0.93
IL	alternative polyA	0	1.16
IL	alternative TSS	0	1.28
IL	gene expression	0	1.19
IL	isoform ratio	0	1.18
IL	intron excision ratio	0	1.24
IL	mRNA stability	0	1.11
LHb	alternative polyA	0	1.39
LHb	alternative TSS	0	1.11
LHb	gene expression	0	1.21
LHb	isoform ratio	0	1.24
LHb	intron excision ratio	0	1.38
LHb	mRNA stability	0	1.1
Liver	alternative polyA	0	1.33
Liver	alternative TSS	0	1.18
Liver	gene expression	0	1.14
Liver	isoform ratio	0	1.24
Liver	intron excision ratio	0	1.15
Liver	mRNA stability	0	1.09
NAcc	alternative polyA	0	1.19
NAcc	alternative TSS	0	1.13
NAcc	gene expression	0	1.14
NAcc	isoform ratio	0	1.11
NAcc	intron excision ratio	0	1.19
NAcc	mRNA stability	0	1.12
OFC	alternative polyA	0	1.06
OFC	alternative TSS	0	1.43
OFC	gene expression	0	1.18
OFC	isoform ratio	0	1.14
OFC	intron excision ratio	0	1.37
OFC	mRNA stability	0	1.13
PL	alternative polyA	0	1.17
PL	alternative TSS	0	1.06
PL	gene expression	0	1.16
PL	isoform ratio	0	1.13
PL	intron excision ratio	0	1.26
PL	mRNA stability	0	1.06